Elastic Deformation
Object returns to original shape when force is removed
Plastic Deformation
Object doesn’t return to its original shape when force is removed. Permanent deformation.
Hooke’s Law
Extension is directly proportional to Force until it reaches its limit of proportionality.
F = K x
Springs in Parallel
When a force is attached, both springs with have equal extensions and weight will be evenly distributed between springs.
Springs in Series
Both springs will have the exact same tension hence they would feel the same load. Both springs will have equal extension.
Energy Stored in a Spring (Work Done)
Area under Force Extension Graph.
E = 1/2 Fx so E = 1/2 Kx^2
Stress
Force experienced by an object per area
σ (Pa) = F/A
Strain
ε = Δx / x
Young’s Modulus (Pa)
How much a material will extend (strain) under a given pressure (stress)
Fx / A*Δx
Hard
How difficult it is to dent or scratch the material
Strong
How much force the material can withstand before it breaks
Stiff
How hard it is for an object to deform
Brittle
How easy a material shatters or cracks
Tough
How much energy the material absorbs from impacts and shocks without breaking
Ductile
How easy the material becomes a wire
Malleable
How easy the material can be hammered into thin sheets
Last changed2 years ago
