State all of the states of matter.
Melting
Evaporation
Condensation
Freezing
Sublimation
What is an ion?
Formed when an atom gains or loses an electrom(s)has an electric charge
State how the:
Arrangement
Spacing
Motion
Forces
Shape and volume
For a solid is…
Regular arrangement
Tightly packed
Vibrate on fixed point
Very strong force of attraction
Fixed shape and volume
For a liquid is…
No regular arrangement
Close together not as much as solids
Slide over each other
Strong but weaker than solids
Fixed volume takes shape of containet
For a Gas is…
Far apart
Move fast and freely
Very weak force of attraction
Has volume same as container
For pure substances the melting and freezing point are the same.
What is diffusion?
Movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration.
What are mixtures?
Formed when 2 or more substances are mixed together
Define what a solution is?
A mixture fotmed when a solid substance dissolves in a liquid
What is a solute?
The solid substance which dissolves in a liquid.
What is a solvent?
The liquid substance which can dissolve a solute.
How do you speed up dissolving?
Increasing temp. Of solvent
Stirring
Define what a saturated solution is?
Formed when more solute can dissolve in a solution their temp.
Why is purity important?
-To know if food substances are safe for humam consumption.
-medical drugs as some chemicals may be harmful if used.
How do you check purity?
By using melting point and/or boiling point
Impurities lower the melting point and increase the boiling point.
Define filtration
A method used to seperte a soluble from a liquid.
Define crystallisation
Solubility of a substance depends on temp.
Fractional Distillation
Used to speak two miscible liquids that have different boiling points.
What are miscible liquids?
Those that mix one dissolves in the other.
Define Chromatography
A technique used to seperate substances with different solubilities in a certain solvent.
A locating agent is used to make the spots visible
What is the smallest atom?
Atom
What charge do protons have?
They have a positive charge
What charge do electrons have?
Negative charge
What charge do neutrons have?
No charge(neutral)
How do you get mass no.?
Protons + neutrons
Protons=electrons
What is an isotope?
Atoms of same element with same no. Of protons and electrons but diff. Neutrons
Last changed2 years ago