Describe the approach of classification.
Laboratory values and the presence of symptoms should be used in conjunction to determine the need for treatment. Acutely symptomatic moderate hypercalcemia and severe hypercalcemia are medical emergencies and require hospital admission and immediate initiation of treatment.
Describe mild hypercalcemia.
Total calcium 10.5–12 mg/dL (2.62–3 mmol/L)
OR ionized calcium 5.25–8 mg/dL (1.31–2 mmol/L)
Typically asymptomatic
Describe moderate hypercalcemia.
Total calcium 12–14 mg/dL (3–3.5 mmol/L)
OR ionized calcium 8–10 mg/dL (2–2.5 mmol/L)
Can be asymptomatic or symptomatic (especially if it develops acutely)
Describe severe hypercalcemia.
Total calcium > 14 mg/dL (> 3.5 mmol/L)
OR ionized calcium > 10 mg/dL (> 2.5 mmol/L)
A life-threatening condition that can be associated with:
Dehydration (due to ADH resistance and vomiting)
Oliguria/anuria
Altered consciousness
Psychosis
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