Name the category.
Antibacterials
Name the 2 main drugs.
Cefalexin
Cefotaxime
Which kind of generation cephalosporin is cephalexin?
1st generation
What kind of generation cephalosporin is cefotaxime?
3rd generation
Cephalosporins table (absoluter Quatsch).
What are special characteristics of cephalosporins?
less susceptible to penicillinases
List adverse effects of cephalosporins.
Potential cross-reactivity in patients with penicillin allergies (the rate is low even in patients with allergy to penicillin)
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) [
Vitamin K deficiency, which increases the risk of bleeding
Disulfiram-like reaction, especially when consumed with alcohol (flushing, tachycardia, hypotension)
Increases nephrotoxic effect of aminoglycosides when administered together with cephalosporins
Neurotoxicity (can lower seizure threshold)
In neonates: hyperbilirubinemia (ceftriaxone)
Describe the mechanisms of resistance in cephalosporins.
Inactivation by cephalosporinase (a type of β-lactamase)
Change in transpeptidase (PBP) structure
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