2. Cardiovascular Diseases

• Combination of medical dissorders that increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases

Other names

• Reavens syndrome

• Insulin Resistance syndrome

• Combination of 3 factors

• Central obesity

• High blood pressure

• Type 2 diabetis mellitus

• Impaired glucose metabolism and tolarence

• Hypercholersterolemia

• Elevated triglycerides

Dislipidemia:

• Hypercholesterolemia

• Elevated triglycerides

Classic factors:

• BP

• Smoking

• total-C

Novel risk factors

• TNF-a, ILL6

• PAI-1

Genetic reasons

• family history

• age

• Group of heart diseas including:

  • angina (chest pain)

  • mydocardial infaction (heart attack)

  • cardiac death

Cause:

• atherosclerosis of the artery

• plaque builds up (coronary artery)

• reduce of the herats oxygen supply

• oxygen deprivation causing pain

Drugs:

• Nitroglyceri - drug to relax the veins

• Beta blockers to control overacivity of heart muscle

• irregularity in heart rhythm

• Tachycardia- racing heart

• Bradycardia- abnormally slow heartbeat

• Fibrillation- heart beat is sporadic, quivering pattern

• damaged or overworked heart muscle is unable to keep blood circulating

• damage is caused by other cardiovascular disease

• lack of proper circulation

treatment: Diuretic relieve fluid accumulation

Angioplasty:

• thin catheter is threaded trough the blocked ateries

• the cathether contains a baloon on its tip wich inflated to flatten the fatty deposits

• 
  

• 80 mg beneficial to heart patients

• due to its blood thinning properties

side effects:

• gastronstetinal in tolerance

• difficulty of blood clotting

• Nitroglycerin decompose into CO

1. Nitric oxide has a relaxing (dilating) effect on smooth muscle

2. smooth muscle cells in the walls of the blood vessels, it has a vasodilatory effect

3. particularly strong in large veins and large arteries

4. filling pressure of the heart (preload) is reduced

5. by dilating the large arteries, their compliance increases, the blood pressure falls, and with it the pressure against which the heart must eject the blood (afterload).

   
   

• inhibitation of cyclooxygenase COX1 and COX2

• acetylating agent where an acetyl group is covalently attached to a serine residue in the active site of the PTGS enzyme

• Inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation during the lifetime of the affected platelet