Management

Most common form of cord prolapse (0.5% births)

often seen in presentation anomalies (e.g., breech presentation, transverse fetal position), multiple pregnancy, long umbilical cord, or abnormal fetal movement (polyhydramnios, premature birth)

an abrupt change from a previously normal CTG to one with fetal bradycardia or recurrent, severe decelerations, occuring after the rupture of membranes

• Diagnostics: thick, pulsating cord is palpable on vaginal examination

• Management: intrauterine resuscitation measures

• Similar to overt umbilical cord prolapse, but the umbilical cord has not advanced past the presenting fetal part.