Moodle Quiz

If the observed proportion of differences (D) between two protein sequences is 0.42, the expected proportion of differences (K) is:

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a. 0.32

b. 0.40

c. 0.42

d. 0.54

e. 0.84

If all nucleotides are used with equal frequency, the maximum divergence we expect between two DNA sequences is:

a. 0%

b. 25%

c. 50%

d. 75%

e. 100%

If all amino acids are used with equal frequency, we expect two random protein sequences to be _____ identical:

a. 1%

b. 5%

c. 12%

d. 20%

e. 25%

Which type of site is expected to show the least divergence between species?

a. non-degenerate

b. 2-fold degenerate

c. 3-fold degenerate

d. 4-fold degenerate

e. 5-fold degenerate

Which of the following DNA sequence changes is a transition?

a.

A -> T

b.

C -> T

c.

C -> A

d.

G -> C

e.

G -> T

Which of the following represents a typical value of the transition/transversion ratio for DNA substitutions?

a.

0

b.

0.25

c.

0.50

d.

1.00

e.

2.00

The ratio dN/dS is also sometimes referred to as:

a.

Alpha

b.

Delta

c.

Kappa

d.

Tao

e.

Omega

Which of the following is expected for a pseudogene?

a.

dN/dS < 0

b.

dN/dS = 0

c.

0 < dN/dS < 1

d.

dN/dS = 1

e.

dN/dS > 1

According to the molecular clock, sequence divergence between species depends on:

a.

The number of generations since their last common ancestor

b.

The number of years since their last common ancestor

c.

The average mutation rate of the species

d.

The average effective population size of the species

e.

The harmonic mean of the census population size of the species

Methods for determining the amino acid sequence of proteins were developed in the:

a.

1920’s

b.

1930’s

c.

1940’s

d.

1950’s

e.

1960’s