Definitions

process by which nutrients and foods contribute to body functions

Carbohydrates

Lipids/ fats

Protein

Vitamins

Minerals

Water

1. mutation in a sequence that produces a protein. The mutant protein can increase the risk of disease

2. Genetic mutation can be outside of the protein coding sequence of the DNA. It can increase/ decrease the protein levels and therefore can increase risk of disease

Epigenetics involve chromatin: chromatin includes DNA and accessories (histones, other cell components). Different chromatin modifications can affect the expression of a gene and thereby the risk of disease

=> diets can change these chemical modification = nutriepigenetics

Estimated energy requirement

=> equation for normal weight adults

Amount of particular nutrient in a serving of food relative to the total calories in the same serving of food

=> Oreos/ bananas

False sense of security and lower motivation for consuming more fruits and vegetables, increasing physical activity, changing potentially harmful habits

Increase risk of toxicity from excessive intake of some vitamins or minerals or other nutrients