Point of Safe Return
-> furthest point along a track to which an aeroplane can safely fly and still return to the point of departure with the required fuel reserve
safe -> endurance without using the reserves
Time to PSR = (Endurance * GShome) / (GSout + GShome)
in case of wind -> moves closer to the departure
ZUHAUSE STEHT IMMER OBEN!!!
Point of Equal Time (PET)
distance, wo man gleich weit zurück brauchen würde oder zum weiter fliegen
x = (D * GShome) / (GSout + GShome)
moves where the wind is blowing from!
ZUHAUSE STEHT IMMER OBEN!
EQUAL TIME -> DISTANCE!!!!
MOCA
min obstacle clearances altitude -> lowest published altitude, which meets obstacle clearance requirements for the entire route, will be identified as “T”
1000ft below 6000ft
2000ft above 6000ft
MEA
Minimum Enroute Altitude
4500ft is the lowest published altitude
-> meets obstacle clearance between radio fixes
-> at an altiude that ensures acceptable radio navigational signal coverage
Enroute Obstacle Clearance Altitude
lower thann 3000ft: 300m (1000ft)
between 3000ft and 5000ft: 450m / 1476ft
greater than 5000ft (1500m): 600m / 1969ft
Frequency HF
3000 - 30.000kHZ
Line of Sight Formel
Line of Sight [NM] = 1.23 * (wurzel(height Transmitter) + Wurzel (heightreceiver))
Type A approaches
either 2D or 3D
down to minimum height of 250ft Type A
all NPA and approaches with vertical guidance (APV) with barometric altimeter -> Type a
Type B approaches
3d Approaches only
either APV with SBAS or precission approach
MORA
Grid Mora
Minimum offroute altitude
provides known obstruciton clearance of 10NM either side of the route
Grid MORA
terrain clearance
man made structure clearance
-> up to 5000ft elevation: 1000ft clearance
-> above 5000ft: 2000ft clearance
MSA
minimum safe altitude
contingency fuel
wenn minimum dran steht -> kein contingency fuel!
NANU
Notice Advisory for Navstar Users
provides updates on the NAVSTAR constellation
issued 72hrs beforehand (3 days) before any change of GPS satellites regarding a change in orbit or planned maintenance
Planning Minima Destination Alternate
CAT II and III -> CAT I
CAT I -> NPA RVR/VIS and ceiling at or above MDH
NPA -> NPA RVR/ VIS + 1000m
-> ceiling at or above MDH + 200ft
Circling -> Circling
LO
Locator
Abkürzungen Flightplan equipment
W RVSM approved
wertical seperation
X MNPS airspace
crossing of the atlantic
Cruising Flight Level Flight plan
F360
1IMPG in liter
4,5
wind component
positive
negative
… meaning
positive: +25kt => rückenwind und vv
Destination has no ICAO indicator
ZZZZ
Time in the flight plan is the …
estimated off-block time
LPV
Localizer performance with vertical guidance
protected area considerably smaller than ILS
GNSS information for destination aerodrome can be found in the
NOTAM
Estimated Time of Arrival
Total Estimated Time
IFR:
the time at which it is estimated that the aircraft will arrive overhead the designated point, from which the approach will be commenced
VFR
flight time at which AC will arrive overhead destination
-> the estimated time required from takeoff to arrive over the destination airport
speed & flight level im flight plan
N0140F070
speed always first!!!
speed is TAS
repetitive ATC flight plan.. how often regular basis at least
at least 10 occasions
Item 15 flihgt plan
… VFR flight at 4000ft MSL
Item 15: Route
Categories Wake Turbulence
Light
Medium
Heavy
Light: 7000kg or less
Medium: more than 7000 and less than 136.000
Heavy: > 136000
What part of the fuel calculation is the ETOPS fuel or fuel for the flying with OEI etc.
It’s part of the Additional Fuel
Additional Fuel: regulatory stuff
Abkürzung T, minimum obstacle clearance altitude
-> obstacle clearance altitude for the entire route
altitude which provides clearance within 10NM of the route centreline and end fixes
-> marked with an a
3500T, 2100a
aaaah ich muss weg von meiner Routeee
moca tea
wenn nichts dabei steht, einfach nur FL80 1500
-> MEA FL80
MSA is valid for a radius of 25NM
min. clearance 1000ft
Flightplan:
Endurance
.. the endurance here is with regards to the Total Fuel on Board
MSA radius of validity
TACAN
NUR ENTFERNUNGSMESSUNG
Flight Plan
IFR zu VFR
VFR zu IFR
IFR zu VFR: Y
VFR zu IFR: Z
in case of two Alternates, how much fuel is required?
the amount of fuel to the alternate with a greater distance is sufficient
Flight plan
Estimated off block time: wann man los off blocks gehen will
Total estimated elapsed time -> wie viel Zeit vergehen wird bis zur ankunft
was ist zu beachten?
es müssen 10min dazu addiert werden für taxi
Endurance Flightplan
refers to the total fuel on board
Flightplan Aircraft Identification
Call sign to be used
coordinates in the flightplan
4135N00415E
standard equipment flightplan
VHF RTF
VOR
ILS
buchstabe S
DGS/S
DME
GNSS
Standard
Mode S
nur bei CAT approaches ist nur die RVR relevant beimplanan
emergency equipment flight plan
cross out which emergency equipment is not being carried
what is the minimum fuel at destination in case of additional fuel because of no destination alternate chosen?
final reserve fuel
enroute alternate wie definiert
20% of total flight distance as radius
25% of total flight distance from destination as point for circle center
or enroute alternate within 20% + 50NM
Flight Plan Field 18 OTHER INFORMATION
here no information regarding the destination
-> EET/EISN0210 -> Estim elapsed tome to EISN
NOTAM quatsch
Umrechnungsfaktoren
1 USG = 3,785l
1 IMPG= 4,546l
1kg = 2,205lb
Last changed2 years ago
