What does biodiversity mean?
The variety of plants and animal life in the world or particular habitat
What does decomposer mean?
An organism especially a soil bacterium, fungus or invertebrates that deconposes organic material
What does consumer mean?
Can’t make their own food so they eat plants and other animals
What does producer mean?
An organism or plant that is able to absorb energy from the sun through photosynthesis
What is an ecosystem?
A geographic area where plants, animals and other organisms as well as weather and landscape work together to form a bubble of life
What is the general location of a rainforest?
Between 23.5 degrees north and south of the equator (in between the tropics)
What is the general location of a dessert?
Between 15-30 degrees north and south of the equator (near the tropics)
What is the general location of tundra?
Just below the ice caps of the artic extending across North America to Europe and Siberia in asia
What is the general location of polar?
Very north and south of the globe, north polar is artic and south polar is Antarctic
What are some characteristics of a rainforest?
Very wet, very warm average, no seasons, hot and humid
What is the average rainfall of a rainforest?
Over 2000 mm of rainfall a year
What is the average temperature of a rainforest?
28 degrees celcuis never drops below 20 degrees and rarely goes above 35 degrees
What are some characteristics of a dessert?
Low humidity (air moisture) low annual rainfall and over all moisture deficit
What are the characteristics of tundra?
Winters are long, dark and cold with mean temperatures below 0 degrees for 6-10 months of the year, they have permafrosts
What are some characteristics of polar?
Long cold winters, annual temperatures of mostly below freezing, often windy very little precipitation, perminant ice caps
What are the layers of a rainforest?
Forest floor (0-1m), undercanopy (1-30m), canopy (30-50m), emergents (50-80m)
What are the adaptations of drip tip leaves?
They have pointy tips so water can run off them quickly without damaging or breaking them
What are some adaptations of lianas?
Woody vines that have roots in the ground but climb up trees to reach sunlight, their flowers grow in the canopy
What are the adaptations of buttress roots?
Large roots that have ridges which create a large surface area that helps support large trees
What is ecotourism?
Ecotourism is responsible travel to natural areas conserving environment, improve wellbeing of local people
What are some examples of ecotourism in the Amazon rainforest?
Providing jobs for passionate people
Heart of Amazon in area with loads of untouched beauty
Education on the rainforest
FSC wood (sustainable wood)
Jungle survival camp
How many mage cities are there in the world
Around 30
What are some push factors
Lack of water
War
Lack of crops
Lack of jobs
What are some pull factors
Money
Better conditions
Higher wages
What are the 3 types of mega cities
Slow growing
Growing
Rapid growing
What are some examples of slow growing mega cities
Examples
Tokyo
Moscow
LA
Where are slow growing mega cities found
South east Asia, Europe, North America
What % of the population is urban in a slow growing mega city
70% plus
What are some examples of growing mega cities
Beijing
Rio
Shanghai
Mexico City
Where are growing mega cities found
South America, south east Asia
What % of the population is urban
40-50%
What % are slums
20%
What are some examples of rapid growing mega cities
Jakarta
Lagos
Mumbai
Where are rapid growing mega cities found
South/south east Asia and Africa
What % is urban in rapid growing mega cities
Under 50%
What % is squatter settlements (slums)
Over 20%
What is the largest favela in Rio and what is its population
Rochina, 75000 in 2010
Where is rochina
Over looks the rich area near copacabana, built on steep hillsides
What are some challenges created by urban growth in Rio
Overcrowding
Crime
Urban sprawl
Poverty
Air pollution
Water pollution
Why is overcrowding a problem in Rio
Due to high population density disease can spread quickly. Infant mortality rates are very high
What are some water pollution problems
In the poorest areas, 10% of people don’t have access to fresh piped water and 50% lack proper sanitation which means human waste can follow through the streets. 30% of people have no electricity
What are some crime problems in Rio
Crime rates in favelas are high. Drugs and violent crime are widespread problems
In areas where there is a lack of electricity residents tap into mains electricity illegally which causes frequent power cuts
What are the solution for water problems
Over 300 km of water pipes laid in favelas
2014-95% of rios population connected to main water supply
What are some solutions for the energy problems in Rio
Building simplico hydro electric
Increase supply of energy by 30%
Building a nuclear generator
Installing 60 on of new power lines
What are some solotuons of the health problems in Rio
Medics take health kits into homes able to detect 20 different diseases
Medical staff visit homes in favelas
7 treatment plants built from 1998-2014
Last changed4 months ago