Human Resources

They are responsible for the business’s strategy

At regular board meetings

They organise the carrying out of the directors strategy

They are ranked below managers and they usually look after the specific project or small teams of operatives

They are workers who aren’t responsible for other staff. They are often given specific tasks to perform by managers or supervisors

Directors

Operatives

Chain of command

The number of workers who report to one manager in a hierarchy

It’s a structure with a long chain of command with more layers of management, it has a narrow span of control

It can make a firm more effective as managers dan monitor the employees they are responsible for more closely

It’s a organisational structure with a short chain of command and each manager has a wide span of controll

Because it can be hard to manage a lot of employees effectively

It can be difficult and slow as more people need to pass on the message

It can be much faster then a tall organisational structure because there are fewer layers of management

All major decisions are made by one person or few senior managers at the top of the heirachy

The authority to make most of the decisions is shared out

Senior managers tend to have plenty of experience and can get an overview of the whole business

If all decisions are made by one or two people it can slow down decision making and communication of decisions can take a long time

Employees can use expert knowlage of their sector to make decisions and they don’t always have to communicate these decisions with managers above them for approval so the changes can be made quickly

Inconsistencies may develop between departments or regions, the decision maker might not be able to see the overall needs of the business

A flat organisational structure because it’s often run by the owner without the need of any additional managers

A job share is where two people share the work and pay of one full time job

A zero hour contract is where an employer doesn’t have to offer them any work. Nor does the employee have to accept any work that is offered

it is used in a business where there can be lots of fluctuation in demands

Restaurants, hotels, care work

They are a cheap form of labour for a business they don’t have to waste money paying staff when they’re not really needed

People who want some extra cash but want to be able to turn down work eg students

People below someone in a heirachy

People above someone in a business

A visual representation of the organisational structure

Removing one or more levels of the hierarchy from a business organisational structure

A process where tasks are given to members of staff whee often managers give tasks to employers further down the line

where a firm thinks in depth about every little detail of the job in question

a job description includes the formal title of the job, the main purpose of the job, the main duties plus any occasional duties

Lists the qualifications, experience, skills and attitudes needed for the job

Recruiting current employees into new roles, the job position in advertised within the company

It’s much cheaper and quicker and the candidates alreayd know a lot about the firm, and bosses may already know the candidate well

There will be no new employees or new ideas and the employees move will leave a vacancy to fill

External recruitment is recruitment outside the business the job can be advertised in a lot of places

The job advert will be seen by more people so it’s more likely to find someone really suited for the job

It isn’t cheap, only specialist and senior jobs get advertised in the national press because it’s very expensive

A CV is a summary of a persons personal details, skills, qualifications and interests. It’s written in a standard format to give a firm the basic format. Almost all firms ask for a CV

It’s a form with just the info the firm wants and nothing else. This means it’s much quicker and more relevant than open ended letters

So they can compare the applications using a computer software

They are statements about the character written by someone who knows them

They are used to asses the candidates confidence, their social and verbal skills and whether they'll be compatible with extisting workers

Because people don’t behave naturally in a formal interview and the skills needed to be good at interviews are different from being good at the job

They test whether the candidate has the abilities to do the job

A text to find out whether the candidate has potential to learn how to do the job

They are tests to asses the candidates personal qualities

A test to find out whether the candidate can work as sort of a team and whether they have good leadership and decision making skills

It introduces the new employee to their workplace and should help to make the new employee feel welcome

It includes introducing them to their fellow workers and advising them of company rules and procedures. It may also include initial training on how to do their new job

One advantage is that new employee Les feel confident when they start work. They are also less likely to make mistakes as they already know the basic procedures, meaning they can become productive as quickly as possible. They may also be more likely to stay in the job if they feel welcome and like a valued number of the team

It’s the most common form of training where employees learn to do their job better by being shown how to do it and then practicing.

It’s cost effective for the employer because the employee works and learn at the same time

The training is given by the colleagues so bad working practices can be passed on

Off the job training is when staff learn away from their work place eg a local collage

Off the job training is appropriate for when an employee needs to know general information about the business or procedures and it's useful when employees are being trained for a promotion or learning a new skill

It's high quality and the employees are getting taught by people who are qualified to train others

It’s more expensive then on the job training

Trained staff should be better at their jobs which means they should be able to produce higher quality goods and provide better customer service

Training can help staff stay up to date with changes in the business

Overall training is likely to make staff feel more motivated and increase staff retention

Employees with up to date knowlage and skills should be able to do their jobs better which often increases job satisfaction and motivation

Over time gaining new skills may mean that they can be promoted to jobs with better pay and more responsibilities

They make decisions alone without consulting staff

They make decisions themselves but after consultation with workers

They allow the workforce some influence over decisions

They allow workers to perform tasks they as they see fit, offering help if needed