Great Pacific Garbage Patch: (3 points)
twice as big as Texas
trash in the Northern Pacific
—> loss of biodiversity and extinction of species
The last parakeet (p.188) - content: (3 points)
TV show: short present of a parakeet, who is the last of his species
then: fast moving on to other unimportant things (100th birtday of someone…)
Last parakeet = important topic but no one cares
The last parakeet (p. 188) - parakeet: (7 points)
pink and green
blue shadows under the eyes
yellow wiry feet
black eyes
“like a giant pink moth”
opposite of the dark of the night
turned himself in (—> Elvira (100th bday))
The last parakeet (p. 188) - people: (4 points)
blue shadows under the eyes —> tired
Elvira (100th birthsday, guest on the show): black eyes
Hattie (prostitute/ sex worker): fuzzy pink bathrobe, green towel
Hattie: mating ritual (getting ready) —> animal behaviour (impossible for parakeet, bc. last of his species)
The last parakeet (p. 188) - abnormalities (= Auffälligkeiten): (4 Punkte)
great number of parallels
parakeet = people (look, people as lonely and sad as the parakeet)
narrator does not distinguish between TV world and real world
parakeet lost his natural habitat snd freedom vs. humans losing their natural habitat
The last parakeet (p.188) - peoples attitudes towards the environment: (3 points)
don’t care about environment issues (even though they know about the issues)
—> parakeet gets only a really short screen time
they prefer to talk about funny and extraordinary (100th birtday)
similar attitude towards social issues
The last parakeet (p. 188) - narrator: (8 points)
first person narrator
limited point of view
narrator = protagonist
we see through his eyes
subjective view of this one character
opinion has already been formed —> not neutral
reader influenced by his perspective
the protagonist is characterised through his actions
3 types of narrators:
third person limited
The ocean is broken (text): (12 points)
A fisher (Macfayden) tells about his experiences of 2003 compared to 2013
2003:
caught lots of fish
lots of birds
little debris (Trümmer)
lots of sounds (birds)
—> healthy ocean, many animals
2013:
caught only two fish
no birds
ocean full of trash
silence
many trawlers (Schleppnetze)
—> ocean is broken, almost no animals
Bubble barrier - aim: (2 points)
extracting plastic from rivets
without harming fish
Bubble barrier - state: (5 points)
experimental state (pilot project)
one permanent installation in Amsterdam
created by volunteers
founded by supporters
award: International Postcode Lottery Green Challenge in 2018
Bubble barrier - how it works: (5 points)
plastic is on the bottom of the river
perforated (= series of small holes) tube —> bubble barrier
upward current —> plastic is lifted to the surface
plastic is pushed to one side of the river
plastic can be easily collected
Bubble barrier - problems: (2 points)
trash on the surface could get blown away by the wind
different rivers
Ocean cleanup projected - what is it about?: (3 points)
founded by Bojan Slat
600m long, free floating boom, which captures and retains depris, trash and microplastic from the Great Pacific Garbage Patch
Boom was originally located between Hawaii and California, but movibg around (free floating —> GPS)
Ocean cleanup projected - how is it working?: (5 points)
boom is driven by wind and waves —> same direction as the trash
a sea anchor slows the tube down —> not faster as the trash
a three metre skirt allows animals to pass underneath
every few weeks the trash, which the boom collected, is collected for recycling
Goal: collecting 50% of the depris in the next five years
Ocean cleanup projected - problems: (4 points)
first construction broke apart
no plastic collected
Solution: parachute anchor to slow down
lots of effort —> just catches the plastic, but it is still in the ocean —> every few weeks a support vessel has to come and bring the plastic to the shore
Great increase in global population (causes and effects of ecological challenges): (7 points)
need for land/ space —> acceleration of deforestation
Acceleration of deforestation —> reduction if oxygen levels and loss of habit (—> loss of biodiversity/ endangerment and extinction of species)
Increasing demand for food —> transportation and more energy needed
More energy needed —> boosts green house gas emissions (CO2, methane) —> speeds up climate change
Climate change —> temperature records, droughts and wildfire, heavy rainfall and megafloods, deplete ozone layer (harmful radiation)
Pollution —> negative effect on ecosystem function and boosts greenhouse gas emissions
More water needed
Great increase in global population (causes and effects of ecological challenges) - secondary effects: (9 points)
water scarcity —> droughts and crop failures
overfishing
intensive agriculture —> use of insecticides/ pesticides/ fertilisers
land degradation and soil erosion —> desertification
urbanisation
exploitation of natural ressources
waste disposal problems
burning of fossil fuels
use of nuclear energy
Great increase in global population (causes and effects of ecological challenges) - solutions: (2 points)
insulation
solar collectors/ energy
Mediation: “Wir sind zu reich” - problem: (2 points)
industrial countries still focus on economic growth
industrial countries use too much fossil fuels
Mediation: “Wir sind zu reich” - solution: (5 points)
cut back on consumption (especially emission and fossil fuel consumption)
emission trade market/ certain budget (every state/ citizen gets a budget of emissions he is allowed to use)
emission certificates —> industrial countries buy them from poorer countries
less economic increase
—> helps to solve global poverty and environmental challenge
The time capsule found on the dead planet (p.191) - what ages are there/ were are we and when is the time the text is written?: (6 points)
first age
second age
third age
fourth age
we are at the fourth age
text is written in the future
The time capsule found on the dead planet (p.191) - author:
Margaret Atwood
The time capsule found on the dead planet (p.191) - authors intentions: (2 points)
text as warning (dystopian future)
creation of a worst case scenario
The time capsule found on the dead planet (p.191) - first age: (3 points)
creation of gods —> good and evil
animal gods —> connected to nature
ancient times
The time capsule found on the dead planet (p.191) - second age: (5 points)
creation of money
people are in awe (=Scheu)
money shows similarly to gods
humanity has evolved
money is just a means to an end
The time capsule found on the dead planet (p.191) - third age: (4 points)
money becomes a god —> out of control
good and evil —> two sides of a coin
personification of money
change of pronouns
The time capsule found on the dead planet (p.191) - fourth age: (3 points)
desets are created —> loss/ destruction of nature
money is more important than anything else
desire for more money
The time capsule found on the dead planet (p.191) - intertextuality: (5 points)
= a text “quotes” other texts
bible
Ikarus myth
outcome: ruin, destruction, death
message: If we continue with our lifestyle and inly focus on money and material wealth, this will lead to a dead planet and the downfall of humanity
The time capsule found on the dead planet (p.191) - kind of text: (1 points)
speculative fiction vs. science fiction
The time capsule found on the dead planet (p.191) - an ideal fourth age: (3 points)
we started using renewable energy
we minimized deforestation
we aimed for a healthy environment
we stopped throwing plastic in the ocean and rivers
we saved our biodiversity
we developed an ecofriendly technology
Last changeda year ago