Describe the diagnostic approach.
Seen in hyperventilation; see also “Respiratory insufficiency.”
Establish the expected chronicity based on clinical presentation using the following rule:
HCO3- decreases by 2 mEq/L for every 10 mm Hg decrease in PCO2 below 40 mm Hg: suggests acute respiratory alkalosis
HCO3- decreases by 4–5 mEq/L for every 10 mm Hg decrease in PCO2 below 40 mm Hg: suggests chronic respiratory alkalosis
Expected and measured values may differ if additional metabolic disturbances are present
Etiology.
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