Relevance of brake emissions
non-regulated
can create have adverse health effects
brake emission test equipment
AC
HEPA-Filter
Dyno with brake in enclosure
sampling tunnel
Particulate Mass Measurement
Solid & Total Particulate Number
Measurement
Air Flow Measurement
Filter Weighing Chamber
difference brake-wear and exhaust particles
Exhaust particles
small particles
lower in mass, higher in number
Brake-wear
different sizes
higher in mass (PM), lower in number (PN)
PM Measurement
Cyclones - Centrifugal seperators
PN Measurement
Condensation Particle Counter (CPC)
cooled, condensed saturated aerosol
butanol condenses onto particles
enlarged particles counted by laser
Particle Loss Mechanisms
depending on size contrary effects
gravitation
bent tubing
diffusion
electrostatic
thermophoresis
coagulation
Cooling flow rate
isokinetic sampling
critical brake temperature
Emission reduction solutions
Reducing braking maneuvers
Material composition
Advanced technologies
Drum brakes (closed system)
Particle Filters
Regenerative Braking
Real Driving Emissions (RDE) measurement
validates test bench
investigates different driving characteristics and conditions
regenerative braking
Material Composition improvements
Aluminium disks
Carbon disks
drum brakes
lifetime coated disks
only NAO brake pads
Last changeda year ago