addisons disease
DEFINITION
HYPOFUNCTIONING OF ADRENAL GLANDS,
ATROPHY OR DESTRUCTION OF CORTEX
AUTOIMMUNE
AFFECTS BOTH GENDERS ALL AGES
AD( ADDISONS)
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
ADRENAL GLANDS PRODUCE CORTISOL, ALDOSTERONE ADRENAL ANDROGENS
ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE OCCURS:
>NA+ EXCRETION
< K+ EXCRETION
THIS LEADS TO LOW BLOOD LEVELS OF NA AND CL- AND HIGH LEVELS OF K+
CAUSES VOLUME DEPLETION, DEHYDRATION AND LOW BP
CORTISOL DEFICIENCY AFFECTS LMETABOLISM OF CARBS,F ATS, PROTEIN, AND INSULIN SENSITIVITY
HTISLEADS TO LOW BLOOD GLUCOSE LOW LIVER GLYCOGEN - FATIGUE AND WEAKNESS
LOW CORTISOL AFFECTS MELONOCYTE STIMULATING ACTIVITIES
PRODUCES HYPERPIGMENTATION OF ADDISONS IN SKIN
ADRENAL CRISIS IS LIFE THREATENING
AD
CLINICAL PRESENTATION
WEAKNESS
FATIGUE
DIARRHEA
ANOREXIA
WT LOSS
LIGHT HEADAED
SYNCOPE
DIAGNOSTICS
EKG DECREASED VOLTAGE( SMALL HEART)
PROLONGED PR AND QT INTERVALS
LAB
CMP-
LO CA
HIGH K
HIGH BUN
LO BICARB
CBC
HIGH HC
( 2/2 COLUME DEPLETION)
LOW WBC
LYMPHOCYTOSIS
HIGH EOSINOPHILS
CXR
SMALL HEART-
ABDO XR
CALCIFICATION IN ADRENALS
SPECIAL LAB TEST
COSYNOTROPHIN STIMULATION TEST
DIFF DX
TB
AMYLOIDOSIS
MALIGNANCY
INFLAMMATION
OSA
HISTORY TAKING
SPOUSE REPORTS SIGNS
SNORING
GAPS IN BREATHING
AM HEADACHE ( CARBON DIOXIDE BUILD UP IN BRAIN)
FREQUENT NIGHT TIME WAKING
MORNING DROWSY
IMPOTENCE
WT GAIN
DEVELOP HTN
DX TESTING
POLYSOMNOGRAM -O/N SLEEP STUDY RECORDS
SLEEP WAVE ACTIVITY
BREATHING PATTERNS
HEART RATEAND RHYTHM
O2 SATS
O2 SATS DROP DURING APNEA
BRADY OR TACHYARRHYTHMIAS ALSO
SHOWS ERYTHROCYTOSIS ( SAME AS POLYCYTHEMIA- TOO MANY RBCS) TO COMPENSATE FOR HYPOXEMIA
HYPOXIA VS HYPOXEMIA
Hypoxemia is defined as a decrease in the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood whereas hypoxia is defined by reduced level of tissue oxygenation.
It can be due to either defective delivery or defective utilization of oxygen by the tissues.
LAYMAN
Hypoxemia is low oxygen levels in your blood and hypoxia is low oxygen levels in your tissues
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7TMRmHqDuGc
Last changed10 months ago