Definition biogenic solid fuels
“Recent fuels of organic origin which are in solid form at the time of their energetic use”
Fresh, not fossil
Herbaceous
Woody
Residues/by-products
Energy plants
Energetic use of solid biomass
Combustion - Energy is released in the form of heat.
Gasification - Formation of synthetic gases by reacting biomass at high temperatures with a controlled amount of oxygen.
Energetic use combustion
Combustion
—> Hot exhaust gas
ORC plant (medium thermal oil)
Ready for market
Potential for optimization
Small-medium power
Low efficiency
Steam power plant (medium steam)
Well-engineered
Good efficiencies
Only higher outputs (1 MW)
Stirling engine
Only few developments
Small outputs
Low efficiency but potential
Energetic use gasification
Gasification
—> Product gas (many technologies —> high efficiencies, small outputs)
Use of waste heat:
Heat boiler (combustion)
Gas turbine
Gas engine, CHP
Fuel cell
SNG
Properties woody biomass
Forest wood
Waste wood
Short-rotation coppice
—> Low ash, Cl and pollutant concentrations
—> Good combustion characteristics
Properties herbaceous biomass
Maize
Miscanthus
Straw
—> High ash, CL and pollutant concentrations
—> Not good combustion characteristics
Elemental composition
Heat value definition and calculation
Definition
Calculation
Water content and humidity
Water content
Humidity
Ash content
Ash melting
Last changed3 months ago