What functions do nerve cells have
Receptive, integrative, motor
Function of neurons and glial cells
Production, receiving analyzing and exposing signals from external and internal body environments
And organization and coordination of many body functions
What pigment do perikaryons contain
Lipofuchsin, melanin
Major dense line
Fuse surfaces of Schwann cell plasma Membran e
Intraperiod line
Apposinf outer leaflets of Schwann membrane
internal mesaxon
Region of interpersonal line that is in contact other axon
External mesaxon
Region of interperiod line whichbis in contact with body of Schwann cell
Which cells form myelin
PNS- Schwann cells
CNS- Oligodendrocytes
Ependymal cells surround what
Ventricles of brain and central canal of spinal chord
Ependymal cells have what epithelium
Columnar to cuboidal
Where are oligodendrocytes
In grey and white matter of CNS
what lamina surrounds Schwann cells
Basal lamina
Protoplasmic astrocytes form what
Grey and white matter of CNS
Pedicles (vascular feet)
Pia glial membrane
Satellite cells form what
Thin and intimate layer around perikaryons in gangli
Epineurium is a
Dense connective tissue
Perineurium is a
Dense connective tissue with flattened fibrocytes
Endoneurium
Is a loose connective tissue
What connective tissues does a nerve consist of
Epineurium, endoneurium, perineurium
Membranes of the meninges
Dura mater
Arachnoid
Pia mater
How is dura mater separated from arachnoid
By thin subdural space
How is dura mater separated from periosteum
By epidural space
Internal surface of dura mater and external surface of spinal chord are covered by
Simple squamous epithelium
what two components does the arachnoid have
Layer in contact with dura mater
System of trabeculae connecting layer with pia mater
Subarachnoid space is filled with
Cerebrospinal fluid
pia mater Pia mater is rich of
Blood vessels
Cerebrospinal fluid fills
Central canal, ventricles, subarachnoid space, perivascular space
Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by
Choroid plexus, lateral ventricle, 3rd ventricle and 4th ventricle
Function of cerebrospinal fluid is
Homeostasis, brain metabolism, protects against mechanical shock
Choroid plexus is located where
3rd and 4th ventricles
Choroid plexus has what CT
Loose connective tissue that folds Pia mater
In endothelial cells blood brain barrier can be
Tight junctions and cytoplasm without fenestration
Cerebral cortex consists of what layers
Molecular layer
Purkinje cell layer
Granular layer
Spinal chord begins and ends where
Begins at foramen magnum and ends at L2 vertebral level by forming conus medularis
What areas does spinal chord consist of
Two thickened areas:
-cervical enlargement-> supplies nerve to upper extremity
-lumbar enlargement-> supplies nerve to lower extremity
How many segments does the spinal chord has
31
What do the segments of the spinal chord contain
Dorsal root with their associated dorsal root ganglia
Ventral roots
Dorsal root of the spinal cord contains
Sensory neurons -> pseudounipolar neuron
Ventral root of spinal chord contains
Motory neurons -> multipolar neurons
What functions does the ear have
Equilibrium and hearing
What is the function of the external part Of the ear
Receives sound waves
What is the function of the middle ear
Sound waves are transmitted from air to bone and by bone to internal ear
What is the function of the internal ear
Vibrations are transferred to specific nerve impulses that pass via the acoustic nerve to the CNS
What is part of the membranous labyrinth
Saccule& utricle
Semicular ducts
Cochlear duct
Organ of corti
What are the three spaces of cochlear duct
Scala Vestibule
Scala Media
Scala tympani
What layers does the eye consist of
Fibrous layer (Sclera, cornea')
vascular layer (choroid, ciliary body, iris)
Inner layer (Retina-photosensitive part, Retina- non photosensitive part)
What are the chambers of the eye
Anterior Chamber
Posterior chamber
Vitreous space
Where is the anterior chamber
Between cornea and iris
Where is the posterior chamber
Between posterior surface of iris and anterior surface of lens
Where is vitreous space
Between posterior surface of iris and neural retina
Cornea consist of
Stratified squamous non keratinzied epithelium
Brownmans membrane
Corneal stroma
Descenments membrane
Endothelium
The sclera consist of
Episclrea
Sclera proper
Lamina fusca
What are the layers of iris
fibroblasts and melanocytes
Thin a vascular layer of stroma
Loose CT with blood vessels
Double layer of pigmented epithelium
What muscles does iris have
Dialator muscle
Spincter pupillae
What layers does the choroid consist of
Choriocapillary layer
Bruchs membrane
Macula lutea is what
Area of greatest visual activity
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