How many categories of stance adverbials are there?
epistemic
attitude
style
what do epistemic adverbials axpress?
speakers judgement of a propsition
semantic categories of peistemic adevrbials
certainty and doubt
limitation
actuality and reality
viewpoint or perspective
source of knowledge
imprecision
what do attitude adverbials express?
speaker’s attitude toward a proposition
What is the test, which determines whether an adverbial is an attitude adverbial?
Provide an example.
Attitude adverbials can often be rephrased using that-clauses with adjectives. For
example: Fortunately, Tom passed his exam on the first attempt. à It is fortunate that
Tom passed his exam on the first attempt.
What are style adverbials?
Style adverbials are adverbials, which comment on how a message was conveyed.
Which positions can stance adverbials take in a clause? Which position is most frequent?
Stance adverbials can take initial, medial or final position in a clause. There is tendency
for them to occur more frequently in the medial position than initial or final position.
What is the main function of linking adverbials?
The main function of linking adverbials is to clarify the connection between or more
units of discourse.
List the semantic categories of linking adverbials:
Enumeration and addition
result/interference
summation
contrast/concession
apposition
transition
Which positions can linking adverbials take in a clause? Which position is most
frequent?
Linking adverbials can take all three positions: initial, medial, or final position.
The initial position is by far the most frequent.
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