A1

"NOUN [C or U]

a hard, round fruit that has a green or red skin and is white inside

Dictionary examples:

to peel an apple apple pie/sauce

an apple tree

The place is in North Iraq. I like this place, becaus[e] it [has] very nice w[ea]ther, and [there is] nice fruit: dates, grapes, peach[es], [and] apple[s].

"ADVERB; PREPOSITION

HIGHER POSITION

in or to a higher position than something else

Dictionary examples:

There's a mirror above the washbasin. Her name comes above mine on the list.

Learner example:

I think I have [put] it above the bookshelf.

"PREPOSITION

BACK

at or to the back of someone or something

Dictionary examples:

Close the door behind you.

Their office is behind the main building.

Learner example:

I think [we should meet] in front of the restaurant, behind the library.

ADVERB; PREPOSITION POSITION

in a lower position than someone or something else

Dictionary examples:

From the top of the skyscraper the cars below us looked like insects. Send your answers to the address below.

Learner example:

I think it's a nice place, because you have a great view of the other mountains and the country

below you.

"PREPOSITION

PLACE

used to show the place or position of something

Dictionary examples:

She's at home/work. We met at the station.

We'll meet you at the entrance.

She's sitting at the table in the corner. She was standing at the top of the stairs. There's someone at the door.

We spent the afternoon at a football match.

Learner example:

I met [her] at sewing classes.

TIME

used to show the time something happens

Dictionary examples:

There's a meeting at 2.30 this afternoon. Are you free at lunchtime?

In theory, women can still have children at the age of 50. I'm busy at the moment - can you call back later?

At no point did the company do anything illegal.

Learner example:

I go to work at 7.30.

DIRECTION

towards or in the direction of

Dictionary examples:

She smiled at me.

They waved at us as we drove by.

""Look at me! Look at me!"" called the little girl.

Learner example:

I like walk[ing] around these lakes and look[ing] at ducks and swans.

EMAIL ADDRESS

the @ symbol, used in email addresses to separate the name of a person, department, etc. from the name of the company

Dictionary example:

dictionary at cambridge dot org

"CONJUNCTION

DIFFERENT STATEMENT

used to introduce an added statement, usually something that is different from what you have said before

Dictionary examples:

You can invite Keith to the party, but please don't ask that friend of his. She's very hard-working but not very imaginative.

She's not only a painter but also a writer. I think it's true, but then, I'm no expert.

Learner example:

There are eight rooms but the best one is my bedroom, because there are a lot of books.

"NOUN [C]

the day on which someone was born, or the same date each year

Dictionary examples:

Happy birthday!

She is celebrating her 70th birthday. Is she having a birthday party?

I'm making her a birthday cake.

Learner example:

I have just had a birthday.

"NOUN [C]

a large town

Dictionary examples:

the city of Boston the city centre

Wellington is the capital city of New Zealand.

Learner example:

I visit this city every year in June.

"NOUN [C or U]

FOOD

a sweet food made from flour, butter, sugar and eggs, mixed together and baked

"NOUN [C]

a type of table that you can work at, often one with drawers

Dictionary examples:

an office/school desk

She sat at her desk writing letters.

He had a pile of papers on his desk.

Learner example:

There [is] a television, a stereo, a computer, a big bed and a desk with a chair.

NOUN [C]

a book that contains a list of words in alphabetical order with their meanings explained or written in another language, or a similar product for use on a computer

Dictionary examples:

a French-English/English-French dictionary a bilingual/monolingual dictionary

To check how a word is spelt, look it up in a dictionary.

Learner example:

Andrew, I think I left my new dictionary in your house last night.

"NOUN [PLURAL]

items such as shirts, dresses and trousers that you wear on your body

Dictionary examples:

She wears smart/casual clothes. I'm just putting my clothes on.

Take your clothes off and get in the bath, Holly.

a clothes shop

Learner example:

And she likes to wear new clothes.

" "Learner example:

I've a Tennis racket that I bought a year ago. I want to sell it because I've broken my arm.

" "Learner example:

My course started [i]n September.

"PRONOUN

every one in a group of two or more things or people when they are considered separately

Dictionary examples:

There are five different leaflets - please take one of each.

The bill comes to £36, so between four of us that's £9 each.

Learner example:

I'm selling them for £5 each.

DETERMINER

referring to every one in a group of two or more things or people when they are considered separately

Dictionary examples:

Each apartment has its own balcony.

Each of the companies supports a local charity.

Learner example:

I'm free each afternoon after 4.00 p.m.

"

"ADJECTIVE

moving or happening quickly, or able to move or happen quickly

Dictionary examples:

fast cars

a fast swimmer

Computers are getting faster all the time.

The fast train to London takes less than an hour.

Learner example:

I like fast music very much.

"NOUN

FOOD

[C or U] an oval object with a hard shell which is produced by female birds, especially chickens, and which is eaten as food

Dictionary examples:

a hard-boiled/soft-boiled egg

How do you like your eggs - fried or scrambled?

Learner example:

I like to eat soup, eggs, meat and salad, and drink orange juice.

"NOUN [U]

PLEASURE

enjoyment or pleasure, or something that gives you enjoyment or pleasure

Dictionary examples:

She's great fun to be with. Have fun!

They're having lots of fun in the pool.

I really enjoyed your party - it was such good fun.

It's no fun/not much fun having to work at the weekends.

Learner example:

I hope we have a great meal and a lot of fun.

"Word family:

Nouns: feeling Verbs: feel

VERB (felt, felt)

EXPERIENCE

[I or T] to experience something physical or emotional

Dictionary examples:

""How are you feeling?"" ""Not too bad, but I've still got a headache."" My eyes feel really sore.

I'm feeling really happy today!

I feel embarrassed about making so many mistakes.

Learner example:

I like Prague, because it is place where I feel good.

"Word family:

Nouns: head, heading

Verbs: head

NOUN [C]

BODY

the part of the body above the neck which contains your brain, eyes, nose, mouth, ears, etc. and on which your hair grows

Dictionary examples:

Put this hat on to keep your head warm. He fell and hit his head on the table.

She nodded/shook her head.

Learner example:

You must wear a cap [on] your head.

"NOUN [C]

FEMALE CHILD

a female child or young woman

Dictionary examples:

Two girls showed us round the classrooms. We have three children - a boy and two girls.

Learner example: She has one girl.

"PREPOSITION

IN

towards the inside or middle of something

Dictionary examples:

He's gone into a shop across the road. Shall we go into the garden?

Stop running around and get into bed!

Learner example:

I will sweep the floor and clean around my bed, [and] put the waste into the bin.

Word family:

Nouns: invitation Verbs: invite

VERB [T]

SOCIAL

to ask someone to come to a social event or to spend time with you socially

Dictionary examples:

We're invited to Lola's party.

Her family invited me to stay with them for a few weeks.

Learner example:

I'm really happy you invited me for dinner.

"ADVERB

THIS PLACE

in the place where you are

Dictionary examples:

Does Jane live near here? Come here!

I've lived here for about two years. London is only 50 miles from here.

Come here - I've got something to show you.

It says here that she was born in 1984.

Learner example:

He live[s] in Galicia, but now he's here in Cambridge to study English.

ON THE PHONE

used when saying who you are on the phone

Dictionary example:

Hello, it's Tim here.

"ADJECTIVE

SMALL

small in size or amount

"Word family: Nouns: juice

Adjectives: juicy

NOUN [C or U]

the liquid that comes from fruit or vegetables

Dictionary examples:

orange/lemon/grapefruit/tomato juice

a carton of apple juice

Learner example:

I danced, ate cakes, drank juice and spoke with friends.

"NOUN [C]

a film

Dictionary example:

'Casablanca' is my favourite movie.

Learner example:

We played games, had our snacks and then watched a movie.

"Word family: Nouns: love, lover Verbs: love

Adjectives: lovely

VERB [T]

LIKE SOMETHING

to like something very much

Dictionary examples:

She loves animals.

I absolutely love chocolate. He really loves his job.

I love swimming.

Love it or hate it, reality TV is here to stay.

Learner example:

I love skiing.

FRIENDS/FAMILY

to like a friend or a person in your family very much

Dictionary example:

I'm sure he loves his kids.

Learner example:

I love my son and my girlfriend.

ROMANCE/SEX

to like someone very much and have romantic or sexual feelings for them

Dictionary examples:

Last night he told me he loved me. I've only ever loved one woman.

Learner example:

Stan is from Poland. He is my husband. I love him.

"NOUN [C]

a building where you can look at important objects connected with art, history, or

science

Dictionary examples:

a museum of modern art

the Natural History Museum

Learner example:

We sometimes go to [a] museum.

"

"NOUN [C]

a container made of paper, plastic, leather, etc., used for carrying things

"Word family: Nouns: part Adjectives: partial

Adverbs: partly, partially

NOUN

PIECE

[C] a piece which combines with other pieces to form the whole of something

Dictionary examples:

Which part of Buenos Aires do you live in?

They learn about the different parts of the body.

Fresh fruit and vegetables are an important part of a healthy diet.

Learner example:

It's the most beautiful part of Poland.

"CONTAINER

in or into a room, building, container, etc.

Dictionary example:

There were some keys inside the box.

Learner example:

I kept it inside the jewel box.

"NOUN [C]

FOR TRAVEL ON WATER

a vehicle for travelling on water

Dictionary examples:

a rowing/sailing boat

Are you travelling by boat?

Learner example:

We can go there by boat.

"ADJECTIVE

the same

exactly alike

Dictionary examples:

My twin sister and I have got the same nose.

She was wearing exactly the same dress as I was. Hilary's the same age as me.

She brought up her children in just the same way her mother did.

Learner example:

She is the same age as me.

NOT ANOTHER

not another different person, thing or situation

Dictionary examples:

My brother and I sleep in the same room. Rachel's still going out with the same boyfriend. (very) same day, he heard he'd passed his exam.

I would do the same thing again if I had the chance. They eat at the same restaurant every week.

Shall we meet up at the same time tomorrow?

Learner example:

It's not the same subject every day.

NOUN [C]

two slices of bread with meat, cheese, etc. between them

Dictionary examples:

a tuna/cheese sandwich sandwich fillings

Learner example:

You can make a quick snack, for example a sandwich.

"NUMBER

the number 16

Dictionary examples:

fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen

We've got sixteen (people) coming for lunch.

Learner example:

Hi! My name is Ian and I'm sixteen years old.

"NOUN [C]

a road vehicle with an engine, four wheels, and seats for a small number of people

Dictionary examples:

They don't have a car.

Where did you park your car? It's quicker by car.

a car crash

Learner example:

I come to the college [on] foot or by car.

"Word family: Nouns: sun

Adjectives: sunny

NOUN [U NO PLURAL]

the large, bright star that shines in the sky during the day and provides light and

heat for the Earth, or the light and heat that comes from the sun

Dictionary examples:

The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

We thought we'd go out for a walk while the sun was shining. Shall we go and sit out in the sun?

I think I've had a bit too much sun today - I've got a headache.

Learner example:

When [the] sun is shining I like walking in Finsbury Park.

"PRONOUN

GROUP

used as the subject of the verb when referring to a group of people, animals, or things that have already been talked about

Dictionary examples:

I've known the Browns for years. They're very nice people.

Where are my glasses? They were on the table just now.

Learner example:

There are a lot of shops, restaurants and disco[s]. They are open all day and all night.

"NOUN [C or U]

a talk between two or more people, usually an informal one

Dictionary examples:

a conversation about football.

I had a strange conversation with the bloke who's moved in upstairs.

Learner example:

But every day we have [a] spelling test and [a] conversation with our teacher or in pairs.

"PREPOSITION

LOWER POSITION

below something, or below the surface of something

Dictionary examples:

He hid under the bed.

They were standing under a tree.

She was holding a file under her arm. She pushed her bag under the table.

He could only keep his head under the water for a few seconds.

Learner example:

I like my bedroom, because there [is] a table under the window, [and] some pictures on the wall.

" "Learner example:

I like her long brown hair and blue eyes.

"NOUN [C]

a set of pages of information on the Internet about a particular subject, which have been published by the same person or organization, and often contain colour

pictures, video and sound

Dictionary example:

For more information about other Cambridge titles, visit our website at www.cambridge.org.

Learner example:

If you want more information or you want [to] see photos [of the] art class, visit our website:

www.artclass.com.

NOUN [C or U]

the day of the week after Tuesday and before Thursday

Dictionary examples:

Did you say the meeting is on Wednesday?

The restaurant is always closed on Wednesdays. Wednesday would be a good day for us to go running.

Learner example:

I come to college every Monday and Wednesday.

"NOUN [C]

a room in which meals are eaten

Dictionary example:

We ate in the dining room.

Learner example:

I think I left it in the dining room.

"Word family:

Nouns: writer, writing

Verbs: rewrite, write Adjectives: written

PRODUCE

to produce letters, words or numbers on a surface or computer

Dictionary examples:

Write your name at the top of the page.

When you fill in the form, please write clearly in black ink. Can I borrow your laptop tonight - I need to write my essay.

Learner example:

Ev[e]ry le[sson] I read and write loads o[f] sentences.

"Word family: Nouns: end, ending Verbs: end

Adjectives: endless

NOUN

FINAL PART

[C] the final part of something such as a period of time, activity, or story

Dictionary examples:

I'll pay you at the end of next month.

The end of the film was much more exciting than I'd expected.

Learner example:

At the end of the party we ate cake.

"Word family:

Nouns: age, ages Adjectives: aged

NOUN

HOW OLD

[C or U] the number of years that someone has lived, or that something has existed

Dictionary examples:

I'd guess she's about my age. We're the same age.

She was 74 years of age when she wrote her first novel. He left home at the age of 16.

The show appeals to people of all ages.

Learner example:

She is the same age as me.

"ADVERB

ONE MORE TIME

once more

Dictionary examples:

Could you spell your name again, please?

Throw it away and start again.

Learner example:

Thank you again.

"Word family: Nouns: fish, fishing

Verbs: fish

NOUN (PLURAL fish or fishes)

ANIMAL

[C] an animal that lives only in water and swims using its tail and fins

Dictionary examples:

Several large fish live in the pond.

Sanjay caught the biggest fish I've ever seen.

Learner example:

We are going to go to an even larger (no, the largest) river to catch fish next week!!

FOOD

[U] fish eaten as food

Dictionary examples:

fried fish

I don't eat fish or meat.

Learner example:

My favourite food is fish.

"NOUN [C]

ROOM

a room with a bath and/or shower and often a toilet

Dictionary example:

an ensuite bathroom

Learner example:

I think it's in the bathroom under the WC.

"ADVERB; PREPOSITION

JOB

used to talk about the job someone has

Dictionary example:

She works as a waitress.

He work[s] in a school as a teacher.

as well also

Dictionary example:

Are you going to invite Steve as well?

Learner example:

Dylma goes to school every day and work[s] as well.

"EXCLAMATION

something you say to greet someone when you meet them in the morning

Dictionary example:

Good morning, Joe - how are you today?

Learner example:

When you come in clas[s] he say[s] hi good morning every body.

"NOUN [C or U]

the time between the middle of the day and the evening

Dictionary examples:

It was a sunny afternoon.

She works three afternoons a week at the library. Let's go to the park this afternoon.

She's coming round on Wednesday afternoon.

He's been in a bad mood all afternoon.

Learner example:

She cooks every afternoon.

"Word family: Nouns: note Verbs: note Adjectives: notable

Adverbs: notably

NOUN

LETTER

[C] a short letter

Dictionary examples:

He left a note to say he would be home late. Did you get my note?

There's a note pinned to the door saying when the shop will open again.

Learner example:

Hi Rie Thank you for your note to me!

"NOUN [C]

WASH

when you wash your body in a bath, or the water in the bath

Dictionary examples:

I had/took a bath this morning.

bath oil

Learner example:

You can take a bath in my bathroom.

CONTAINER

the container that you sit or lie in to wash your body

Dictionary example:

Have you cleaned the bath?

Learner example:

I start[ed] cleaning [the] bath with bleach, and I mark[ed] my new dress.

"Word family:

Nouns: paint, painter, painting Verbs: paint

NOUN [C or U]

a coloured liquid that you put on a surface such as a wall to decorate it, or that

you use to produce a picture

Dictionary examples:

a tin of paint

There were so many paints to choose from that I couldn't decide which to buy.

Learner example:

I'm going to use orange paint to paint my bedroom.

VERB

MAKE PICTURE

[I or T] to produce a picture of something or someone using paint

Dictionary example:

All these pictures were painted by local artists.

Learner example:

I like [to] paint so my favourite [subject] is art.

"DETERMINER; PRONOUN

used to talk about two people or things

Dictionary examples:

Both my parents are teachers.

They have two grown children, both of whom live abroad.

She has written two novels, both of which have been made into television series. Both Mike and Jim have red hair/Mike and Jim both have red hair.

I loved them both/I loved both of them.

The problem with both of these proposals is that they are hopelessly impractical. Are both of us invited, or just you?

Both men and women have complained about the advertisement.

I think it's important to listen to both sides of the argument.

Learner example:

I like both pop and jazz.

"NOUN [C]

a machine that is used for playing music CDs

Dictionary example:

She has a CD player in her bedroom.

Learner example:

My cousin bought me a CD player and I got a box of chocolate[s] from my friends.

"Word family: Nouns: play, player

Verbs: play

"Word family:

Nouns: crossing Verbs: cross

NOUN [C]

MARK

a written mark (x), usually used to show where something is, or that something has not been written correctly

Dictionary example:

Put a cross next to the name of the person you are voting for.

" "Learner example:

I know about the concert [and] I like slow music.

ADJECTIVE

LITTLE

little in size or amount

Dictionary examples:

They live in a small apartment near Times Square. We teach the children in small groups.

a small dog/house/car

I'd rather live in a small town than a big city.

Would you like a large or small cola with your burger? That jacket's too small for you.

Only a small number of applicants are successful.

Learner example:

It is a small vill[a]ge where my grandad live[s].

YOUNG

A small child is very young.

Dictionary example:

Looking after small children can be very tiring.

Learner example:

I live wit[h] my wife and my small daughter who [is] 2 years old.

"NOUN [C or U]

TO DRIVE ON

a long, hard surface built for vehicles to drive on

Dictionary examples:

We live on a busy/main road.

Be careful when you cross the road.

The journey takes about three hours by road.

The road from here to Adelaide goes through some beautiful countryside. All roads into/out of the town were blocked by the snow.

Most road accidents are caused by people driving too fast.

Learner example:

[On] Wedn[e]sdays and Saturdays [the] road is very busy.

Road (WRITTEN ABBREVIATION Rd)

used in the name of a road as part of an address

Dictionary example:

142 Park Road

I like d[iffe]rent places in U.K., lik[e] Edgware Road.

"NOUN [C]

a child's toy that looks like a small person or baby

Dictionary example:

Lara loves playing with her dolls.

Learner example:

I've got a cute doll.

"Word family: Nouns: example

Verbs: exemplify

TYPICAL CASE

something which is typical of the group of things that is being talked about

Dictionary examples:

This painting here is a marvellous example of her work.

Could you give me an example of the improvements you have mentioned? This is a very good/typical example of medieval Chinese architecture.

Look at the example before you do the exercise.

Learner example:

I like rap music, one example of that is El Santo.

for example

used to give an example of the type of thing you mean

Dictionary examples:

I like soft fruit, for example peaches and plums.

Some people, students for example, can get cheaper tickets.

Learner example:

Also he likes to do sports, for example swimming and c[ycl]ing.

"NOUN [C]

WASH

If you have or take a shower, you wash your whole body while standing under a flow of water.

Dictionary example:

I got up, had a shower and got dressed.

Learner example:

I have to wake up [at] 7.30 AM. I run to the bathroom [to] take a shower.

BATHROOM EQUIPMENT

a piece of bathroom equipment that you stand under to wash your whole body

Dictionary example:

He likes to sing in the shower.

Learner example:

And there are showers and [a] sauna you [will] be able to use any time after the gym.

"Word family: Nouns: flight

Verbs: fly

VERB (flew, flown)

TRAVEL

[I] to travel through the air in an aircraft

Dictionary examples:

I'm flying to Mumbai tomorrow.

We fly from/out from Heathrow, but fly back into Gatwick.

Learner example:

I'm flying to Poland with my daughter.

"NOUN [C]

a road in a town or city that has houses or other buildings

Dictionary examples:

a street map

Our daughter lives just across the street from us.

He was walking down the street.

Learner example:

My street is quiet and friendly.

Street (WRITTEN ABBREVIATION St)

used in the name of a street as part of an address

Dictionary examples:

142 Ross Street

Diane's house is in Cherrywood Street.

Learner example:

I live in a flat, number 66 New George Street.

"ADJECTIVE

COLOUR

being a colour that is a mixture of black and white

Dictionary example:

grey clouds

Learner example:

I got a surprise present: a cat, [that is] grey and black.

NOUN [C + SINGULAR OR PLURAL VERB] SET

a number of people or things that are together in one place or are connected

Dictionary examples:

I'm meeting a group of friends for dinner tonight. The group meet(s) every month.

The children are taught in different age groups.

Learner example:

All our group [of] friends [were] there.

MUSIC

a number of people who play music together, especially pop music

Dictionary example:

a pop/rock group

Learner example:

I like reggae and ska music music, especially NSK, a very good ska group.

"NOUN

the system that connects computers all over the world and allows people who use computers to look at websites

Dictionary examples:

I found out about the book on the Internet.

a company that provides cheap Internet access

Learner example:

She uses the Internet every day.

"NOUN [C]

a place where you pay to stay when you are away from home

Dictionary examples:

a 4-star hotel

We stayed in/at a hotel on the seafront. hotel guests

Learner example:

Cracow offer[s] a lot of very nice hotels, restaurant[s] and pubs.

"Word family: Adjectives: late, latest

Adverbs: lately, later

ADJECTIVE

AFTER

happening or arriving after the planned, expected, usual or necessary time

Dictionary examples:

This train is always late.

You'll be late for your flight if you don't hurry up. Sorry I'm late. I was held up in the traffic.

We always have a late breakfast on Sunday mornings.

Learner example:

I hope I am not late.

NEAR THE END

happening or being near the end of a period of time

Dictionary examples:

It was late at night.

Is that the time? I'd no idea it was so late. It was late summer when it happened.

It was built in the late nineteenth century.

He's probably in his late twenties.

Learner example:

I don't like the time the class finish[es]. It's too late!

"NOUN [C or U]

the day of the week after Monday and before Wednesday

Dictionary examples:

We'll meet at eight on Tuesday. We meet every Tuesday.

Tuesday afternoon

The twenty-ninth is a Tuesday, isn't it?

Learner example:

On Tuesday, Thursday and Friday I have French and physics.

"NOUN [C]

a mobile phone

Dictionary example:

Can I use your mobile?

Learner example:

It's a very modern mobile, it's [a] Nokia and it's made in Finland.

"ADJECTIVE

next week/year/Monday, etc.

the week/year/Monday, etc. that follows the present one

I'll call you next week.

I'm planning to visit California next year. Are you doing anything next Wednesday?

Learner example: See you next week.

"VERB

LOOK AT

[I or T] to look at something for a period of time

Dictionary examples:

I had dinner and watched TV for a couple of hours. I watched him get into a taxi.

I got the feeling I was being watched.

I sit by the window and watch people walking past.

Learner example:

She works at the Glade and she watches television at night.

NOUN

[C] a small clock which is worn on a strap around the wrist

Dictionary examples:

My watch seems to have stopped - it says 10:15 but I'm sure it must be later. He glanced nervously at his watch.

Learner example:

I got 2 watches, flowers and some dresses.

"ADJECTIVE

EXISTED MANY YEARS

having lived or existed for many years

an old man an old house

We're all getting older.

I was shocked by how old he looked.

I'm too old to be out clubbing every night.

That's an old joke - I've heard it about a thousand times.

Learner example:

Wroctaw is [an] old town.

AGE

used to describe or ask about someone's age

Dictionary examples:

How old is your father? Rosie's six years old now.

He's a couple of years older than me.

Learner example: She is 23 years old.

"Word family:

Nouns: photo, photograph, photographer, photography Verbs: photograph

NOUN [C]

a picture produced using a camera

Dictionary examples:

She took a lot of photos of the kids. vacation/wedding photos

Learner example:

Sometimes I take photos [of] them and I feed these bird[s].

" "STUDY

an area of knowledge which is studied in school, college or university

Dictionary example:

My favourite subjects at school were history and geography.

Learner example:

At college, I like studying English because it's [a] very interesting subject but I don't like studying Art.

"Word family:

Nouns: reader, reading, read, readership

Verbs: read

NOUN

BOOKS

[U] the activity or skill of getting information from books, newspapers, etc.

Dictionary examples:

I did a lot of reading on holiday.

Both children find writing difficult but their reading is fine. The diaries make good bedtime reading.

Learner example:

Also we do some practice task[s] [on] writing, reading, speaking and spelling.

"NUMBER

the number 7

Dictionary examples:

The restaurant opens for dinner at seven o'clock.

We're open seven days a week.

Learner example:

Tomorrow I'll finish my work at six o'clock, so I think that I'll can arrive your home at seven o'clock.

"NOUN [C]

a person or animal that has grown to full size and strength

Dictionary example:

Adults pay an admission charge but children get in free.

Learner example:

Dear Jo, The class day is Wednesday for children (8-16[s]) and Tuesday for adults.

"NOUN [C]

your male child

Dictionary examples:

This is our son Raja.

We have two sons and three daughters.

Learner example:

I love my son and my girlfriend.

"NOUN

DRINK

[C or U] a hot drink that you make by pouring water onto dried leaves, or the leaves that you use to make this drink

Dictionary examples:

I'd love a cup of tea, please.

They have a selection of herbal teas. He likes strong/weak tea.

Learner example:

She likes tea and coffee.

"NEAR

near in distance, position or time

Dictionary examples:

His house is close to the sea.

Don't get too close to the dog, Rosie.

It was close to lunchtime when we arrived.

Learner example:

It's close to my house.

"ADVERB

during the night of the present day

Dictionary examples:

I hope you sleep well tonight.

Tonight there's going to be a party.

Learner example:

I think I left my mobile phone in your house last night. It's very important for me because I have to call my father tonight.

"ADVERB

in addition

Dictionary examples:

She's a photographer and also writes books.

I'm cold, and I'm also hungry and tired.

Learner example:

I also have a dog and I like to go for a walk with [him].

ADVERB

EVERY TIME

every time, or at all times

Dictionary example:

I always walk to work.

Learner example:

I always tr[y] to do [my] best, bec[a]use I want to be a good student.

"Word family: Nouns: beauty

Adjectives: beautiful

Adverbs: beautifully

ADJECTIVE

ATTRACTIVE

very attractive

Dictionary examples:

a beautiful woman beautiful scenery

She was wearing a beautiful dress.

Learner example:

Nelson love[s] football, beautiful girls, a big [steak] with chips, etc.

PLEASANT

very pleasant

Dictionary examples:

a beautiful piece of music beautiful weather

Learner example:

I like pop music but I prefer classic[al] music because it's the most beautiful.

"NOUN [C or U]

the food you eat in the morning after you wake up

Dictionary examples:

What do you want for breakfast? Have you had breakfast?

Breakfast is served in the dining room between 8.30 and 10.

Learner example:

You can have breakfast in my house.

"Word family:

Nouns: child, childhood

Adjectives: childish

NOUN [C]

a boy or girl who is not yet an adult, or a son or daughter of any age

Dictionary examples:

an eight-year-old child

As a child I didn't eat vegetables.

A small group of children waited outside the door.

Both her children are now married with children of their own. Jan is married with three young children.

Learner example:

My children are very happy because [they are] going to school every day.

"Word family:

Nouns: home, homeless, homelessness

Adjectives: homeless

Adverbs: home

NOUN

[C or U] the place where you live or feel you belong

Dictionary examples:

I tried to ring him, but he wasn't at home.

We sold our home in London and moved to Scotland. He left home when he was eighteen.

I was actually born in New Zealand, but I've lived in England for so long that it feels like home

now.

Learner example:

That's why I love my home.

"Word family:

Nouns: dark, darkness Adjectives: dark

ADJECTIVE

NOT PALE

nearer to black than white in colour

Dictionary examples:

dark blue/green dark clouds

He's got dark hair and blue eyes.

Learner example:

I don't like dark colours.

" "Learner example:

There are different plants, trees, flowers and [a] lake.

"NOUN [C]

a room where food is kept, prepared and cooked and where the dishes are washed

Dictionary examples:

We usually eat breakfast in the kitchen. the kitchen table

a new fitted kitchen

Learner example:

I think my bag is in your kitchen.

"Word family:

Nouns: dress

Verbs: dress, undress

Adjectives: dressed, undressed

NOUN

[C] a piece of clothing for women or girls which covers the top half of the body and hangs down over the legs

Dictionary examples: a long/short dress

a wedding dress

Learner example:

I wore a new dress.

"Word family: Nouns: face Verbs: face

Adjectives: facial

NOUN

HEAD

[C] the front part of the head, where the eyes, nose and mouth are, or the expression on this part

Dictionary examples:

She's got a long, thin face.

She had a worried expression on her face.

Learner example:

She has got brown [e]yes, [a] round face and wh[ite] s[k]in.

"PRONOUN

used after a verb or preposition to refer to the person who is speaking or writing

Dictionary examples:

Is there one for me?

She gave me some money. Could you pass me that book?

It wasn't me who offered to go, it was Charlotte.

Lydia is three years younger than me.

Learner example:

It is difficult for me.

"NUMBER

the number 14

Dictionary examples:

twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen Her baby is fourteen months old.

Learner example:

Several days ago I had my birthday and I am now fourteen.

"Word family:

Nouns: happiness, unhappiness Adjectives: happy, unhappy

Adverbs: happily

ADJECTIVE

PLEASED

feeling, showing or causing pleasure

"PREPOSITION

DISTANCE

close in distance

Dictionary examples:

Is there a train station near here? We were near the exit.

The hotel is near the airport.

Don't come too near me - you might catch my cold. Which bus stop is nearest (to) your house?

I moved my chair nearer to the fire.

Learner example:

The park is near my house, about 10 minutes on foot.

"PRONOUN

used when the person speaking or writing is the subject of the verb

Dictionary examples:

I love you.

Did I tell you about my holiday? I'm not late, am I?

I'd like a coffee.

Learner example:

I don't understand much English.

"NOUN [C]

TEACHING PERIOD

a period of time when a teacher teaches people

Dictionary examples:

How can we make science lessons more interesting? She has never had/taken any acting lessons.

He gives French lessons.

Learner example:

One lesson take[s] 45 minutes.

"NOUN [C or U]

the tenth month of the year, after September and before November

"DETERMINER; PRONOUN

IN ADDITION

something in addition to what you already have

Dictionary examples:

Would you like some more food?

There isn't enough milk - I'll have to buy some more. I need a bit more time.

The doctors can't cope with any more patients.

Learner example:

Now [I] have more free time, I and my family go to [the] swimming pool.

GREATER AMOUNT

a greater number or amount of people or things

Dictionary examples:

There are more people here today than yesterday. He knows more about dogs than I do.

Learner example:

In [the] disco I can meet more new people.

ADVERB

"ADVERB

NEGATIVE ANSWER

something that you say in order to disagree, give a negative answer, or say that something is not true

Dictionary examples:

""You told me."" ""No, I didn't!""

""Can I have another chocolate?"" ""No, you've had enough."" ""Do you like him?"" ""No.""

""Did you get some bread?"" ""No, sorry, I forgot.""

""Have you got any homework tonight?"" ""No.""

Learner example:

I was in the office last week, but she said: ""No!""

DETERMINER

NOT ANY

not any

Dictionary examples:

There's no butter left.

There are no pockets in these trousers.

That's my kind of holiday - no telephone, no computer and no worries. There's no chance of us getting there by eight.

Learner example:

Dear Ally, that's no problem about the party.

"NOUN [C]

a long, thin, wooden object with a black or coloured point that you write or draw

with

Dictionary examples:

a box of coloured pencils pens and pencils

a pencil sharpener

You'd better sharpen that pencil.

Write your comments in the margin of the report in pencil.

Learner example:

You must bring a pencil with you.

"Word family:

Nouns: opening, openness

Verbs: open

Adjectives: open, opening

Adverbs: openly

ADJECTIVE

DOING BUSINESS

[NEVER BEFORE NOUN] available for business or serving customers

Dictionary examples:

The supermarket is open till 10.00 p.m. Our phonelines are open until 9 pm.

Learner example:

They are open all day and all night.

VERB

NOT CLOSED

[I or T] to move something to a position that is not closed, or to make something change to a position that is not closed

Dictionary examples:

to open a door/window The gate won't open.

You can open your eyes now.

Learner example:

I can't open my cupboard without my key.

CONJUNCTION POSSIBILITIES

used between possibilities, or before the last in a list of possibilities

Dictionary examples:

Would you like tea or coffee? Is that a boy or a girl?

You can have beer, wine or mineral water.

It was either 1982 or 1983 - I can't remember which. There were ten or twelve people in the room.

It will only take three or four days.

Learner example:

I like to eat pasta or pizza, but I'm easy about food, I can eat anything.

"Word family: Nouns: question Verbs: question

Adjectives: questionable

NOUN

ASKING

[C] a sentence or phrase used to find out information

Dictionary examples:

Ask and answer questions with your partner. The police asked me questions all day.

If you have any questions about the scheme, do ask me.

""So where is the missing money?"" - ""That's a good question.""

Learner example:

Our teacher talks to us and gives us some questions.

"Word family:

Nouns: place, replacement, displacement

Verbs: place, replace, displace, misplace

NOUN

SOMEWHERE

[C] a position, building, town, area, etc.

There are several places of interest to visit in the area. It was a silly place to park.

This plant needs a warm, sunny place. This looks like a nice place for a picnic. His leg was broken in two places.

Are your documents in a safe place?

Learner example:

My favorite place is the hotel near Olomouc.

"Word family:

Adjectives: secondary Adverbs: secondly

ORDINAL NUMBER; DETERMINER

AFTER FIRST

immediately after the first and before any others

Dictionary examples:

Is Megan her first or second child?

This is the second time I've had flu this winter. Jones took second place in the long jump.

I was second in the 100m.

Learner example:

I forgot [to] answer the second question.

"NOUN [C]

a place where you can buy and eat a meal

Dictionary example:

We had lunch at/in a restaurant near the station.

Sometimes I'm very tired bec[a]use I work in [a] restaurant.

"Word family:

Nouns: smoke, smoker, smoking

Adjectives: non-smoking, smoky

VERB [I or T]

to breathe smoke into your mouth from a cigarette

Dictionary examples:

Do you mind if I smoke?

I used to smoke a packet of cigarettes a day.

Learner example:

I like the pause between lesson[s]. We go outside [to] smoke and fool about.

Word family:

Nouns: smoke, smoker, smoking Adjectives: non-smoking, smoky

NOUN [U]

when someone smokes a cigarette or regularly smokes cigarettes

Dictionary examples:

Smoking is not permitted anywhere in this theatre.

The nicotine patches are designed to help people give up/stop smoking. Cigarette smoking kills thousands of people every year.

No smoking, please.

Learner example:

I don't like too much smoking in the college.

"NOUN [C]

a strong covering for the foot, often made of leather

Dictionary examples:

flat/high-heeled shoes gym/tennis shoes

He put on/took off his new pair of shoes. Hurry and do up/lace up your shoes.

a shoe shop

Learner example:

I go every day to [the] s[h]opping centre that [sells] food, clothes, shoes and diff[e]rent article[s].

"NOUN [C]

an area of water that has been made for people to swim in

Dictionary example:

an indoor/outdoor swimming pool

Learner example:

I like [it] when we go to [the] swimming pool.

T

"Word family: Nouns: sport

Adjectives: sporty

NOUN

GAME

[C] a game or activity which people do to keep healthy or for enjoyment, often competing against each other

Dictionary examples:

Football, cricket and hockey are all team sports. I enjoy winter sports like skiing and skating.

Learner example:

Her favourite sport is tennis.

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

[U] all types of physical activity which people do to keep healthy or for enjoyment

Dictionary example:

She used to do/play a lot of sport when she was younger.

Learner example:

Anna like[s] sport and cinema.

"NOUN [C]

a small piece of paper that shows you have paid to do something, for example

travel on a bus, watch a film, etc.

"PREPOSITION; CONJUNCTION

COMPARING

used to compare two different things or amounts

Dictionary examples:

My son is a lot taller than my daughter. You always walk faster than I do!

You're earlier than usual.

Learner example:

Cirencester is smaller than Swindon.

"DOOR/WINDOW

[I or T] If something closes, it moves so that it is not open, and if you close something, you make it move so that it is not open.

Dictionary examples:

Could you close the door/window please?

Close your eyes - I've got a surprise for you.

Learner example:

It's [a] Motorola mobile phone. It's pink and you can open and close it.

"Word family:

Nouns: trainer, training, trainee

Verbs: train

NOUN [C]

VEHICLE

a long, thin vehicle which travels along metal tracks and carries people or goods

Dictionary examples:

the train to/from Bristol a train journey/station Did you come by train?

She caught/took the train to Edinburgh. Hurry up, or we'll miss the train.

Learner example:

The best way to come to my place is [to] take a train from Weybridge.

"ADVERB

used to ask about the place or position of someone or something

Dictionary examples:

Where does he live? Where are my car keys?

""I put them on your desk."" ""Where? I can't see them.""

Where did you put my umbrella?

Learner example:

Where is the college?

"Word family:

Nouns: walk, walking, walker

Verbs: walk

VERB [I or T]

to move forward by putting one foot in front of the other and then repeating the

action

Dictionary examples:

I walked home.

A cat was walking along the top of the fence. He walks two kilometres to work every morning.

Learner example:

I like to walk by [the] River Exe.

"ADVERB (INFORMAL yeah)

AGREE

used to agree with something, or to give a positive answer

Dictionary examples:

""Would you like a glass of wine?"" ""Yes, please."" ""Do you like Thai food?"" ""Yes, I love it.""

""He's a really nice guy."" ""Yes, he is.""

""Report to me at nine o'clock tomorrow morning."" ""Yes, sir.""

""Have you had enough to eat?"" ""Yes, thank you.""

Learner example:

Yes, I can come tomorrow for dinner.

ANSWER

used to show that you are listening to someone, or that you are ready to listen and to give them an answer or information

Dictionary examples:

""Dad."" ""Yes, what do you want, honey?""

""Yes, can I help you?""

"NOUN [C or U]

the coldest season of the year, between autumn and spring

Dictionary examples:

Last winter we went skiing. It's been a very mild winter.

I think you tend to eat more in the winter.

Learner example:

I love my town bec[a]use in winter I can [go] skiing.

"NOUN [C]

NOT A HUMAN

something that lives and moves but is not a human, bird, fish or insect

Dictionary examples:

wild/domestic animals She's a real animal lover.

Learner example:

I like flowers and baby animals.

NOUN

REACTION

[C] what you say or write back to someone who has asked you a question or spoken to you

Dictionary examples:

I asked him if he was going but I didn't hear his answer. Please give me your answer by next week.

Learner example:

Please, give me [an] answer.

VERB

REACT

[I or T] to speak or write back to someone who has asked you a question

Dictionary examples:

You haven't answered my question.

I wrote asking whether he'd be coming to the party but he hasn't answered yet. She answered that she wouldn't be able to come before nine o'clock.

Learner example:

My teacher give[s] m[e] questions and I have to answer.

"PREPOSITION

SUBJECT

relating to a particular subject or person

Dictionary examples:

What's she talking about?

I've got a book about Jung.

Learner example:

I like my IT course becaus[e] I want to learn about computers.

ADVERB

a little more or less than the stated number or amount

Dictionary examples:

It happened about two months ago.

""What time are you leaving work today?"" ""About five.""

Learner example:

It's not far [from] my home, about 20 minut[es'] walk, [or] 5 minut[es] by bus.

"DETERMINER

used instead of 'a' when the following word begins with a vowel sound

Dictionary examples:

an easy question an interesting story an orange

an honour

Learner example:

She is an au pair in England.

CONJUNCTION ALSO

used to join two words, phrases, parts of sentences or related statements together

Dictionary examples:

Ann and Jim knives and forks

We kissed and hugged each other.

Tidy up your room. And don't forget to make your bed!

Learner example:

I have got [a] nice bed, [a] mirror, [a] sofa and a table.

AFTER

used to say that one thing happens after another thing

Dictionary example:

I got dressed and had my breakfast.

Learner example:

I get up early [in the] morning and I have breakfast. [T]hen I go to college.

NUMBERS

used when saying or adding numbers

Dictionary examples:

It cost a hundred and twenty pounds. Two and three equals five.

Learner example:

It's about two and a half hours.

"DETERMINER

NOT PARTICULAR

used before a noun to refer to a single thing or person but not a particular thing or person or not one that you have referred to before

Dictionary examples:

She's got a boyfriend.

Someone left an umbrella here yesterday. Is he a friend of yours?

Learner example:

You can make a quick snack, for example a sandwich.

ANY/EVERY

used to mean any or every thing or person of the type you are referring to

Dictionary examples:

Can you ride a bike? A child needs love.

A cheetah can run faster than a lion.

Learner example:

I don't need it because I'm too old to have a doll.

ONE

one

Dictionary examples:

a hundred dollars

a dozen eggs

Learner example:

Dear Ally, All my friends [from] school were here, more than a hundred people.

TYPE

used to state what type of thing or person something or someone is

Dictionary examples:

Sally's an engineer.

It's a rabbit.

Learner example: She's a teacher.

"ADVERB

used to refer to a time between twelve o'clock at night and twelve o'clock in the middle of the day

Dictionary examples:

We're open between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m. daily.

The first election results are expected around 1 a.m.

Learner example:

I go to college [from] 9.15 a.m. to 12.15 p.m.

"NOUN [C or U]

the eighth month of the year, after July and before September

Dictionary examples:

the 13th of August/August 13(th)

We've got friends coming at the end of August. They got married last August.

They're getting married next August.

It was one of the hottest Augusts on record.

Learner example:

[It] start[s on] 1 June [and] finish[es on] 31 August.

B

"Word family: Nouns: backing

Verbs: back

ADVERB

RETURNING

where someone or something was before

Dictionary examples:

When do you go back to college?

I put the tin back in the cupboard.

Learner example:

She [went] back home at once.

"DETERMINER; PRONOUN

EVERY ONE

every person or thing in a group

Dictionary examples:

I've seen all of his films.

All of us had left by midnight.

She's got four children, all under the age of five.

""Which of his books did you like best?"" ""I loved them all.""

Learner example:

I hope you are all well.

WHOLE TIME

the whole of a period of time

Dictionary examples:

I've been studying all day. It's rained all week.

I've been waiting all afternoon for him to call.

Learner example:

I spent all day [at the] beach.

ADJECTIVE [NEVER BEFORE NOUN]; ADVERB (ALSO alright)

WITHOUT PROBLEMS

happening successfully or without problems

Dictionary examples:

Did the interview go all right? Did he do all right in his exams?

Did you get home all right last night?

Learner example:

Tomorrow I have [the] day off, so everything is all right!

EXCLAMATION

used to agree to a suggestion or request

Dictionary examples:

""How about going out for dinner?"" ""All right."" ""Can we leave at six?"" ""All right.""

Learner example:

All right, tomorrow you get my jacket and wait for me at the bus stop.

"NOUN [C]

ROUND OBJECT

a round object that you throw, kick, or hit in a game, or something with this shape

Dictionary examples:

a beach/golf/tennis ball

She threw a ball at me and I caught it.

Just try to concentrate on hitting/kicking the ball. a ball of wool

The kitten curled itself into a ball.

Learner example:

They gave me a ball and a T-shirt.

NOUN [C or U]

a long curved fruit with a yellow skin

Dictionary examples: a bunch of bananas

banana milkshake

"NOUN [C]

an area of sand or small stones next to the sea

Dictionary examples:

We spent the day on the beach. a beach café

a beach towel

Learner example:

After, I went to the beach with my family.

"DETERMINER; PRONOUN

SOME

used in questions and negatives to mean some

Dictionary examples:

""Is there any more soup?"" ""No, I'm afraid there isn't any left."" I haven't seen any of his films.

I asked Andrew for some change but he hasn't got any.

Learner example:

She doesn't [want] any more children.

NOT IMPORTANT WHICH

one of or each of a particular kind of person or thing when it is not important which

Dictionary examples:

""Which of these cakes may I eat?"" ""Any.""

Any of you should be able to answer this question.

Any advice that you can give me would be greatly appreciated. We should hear from him any minute/day/time now.

There were a lot of computers at the exhibition, any (one) of which would have suited me perfectly.

Learner example:

When I [was a] child, I like[d] reading any cartoon book, so my parents bought many books for me.

"Word family:

Nouns: visit, visitor Verbs: visit

VERB

SEE A PERSON

[I or T] to go to someone's home and spend time with them

Dictionary examples:

Will you visit me when I'm in hospital?

We have friends coming to visit this weekend.

Learner example:

She visits her parents once a week.

SEE A PLACE

[T] to go to a place and spend a short amount of time there

Dictionary example:

We visited a few galleries while we were in Prague.

Learner example:

It's a very nice place with a lot of shop[s] and museum[s] to visit, like the ""Louvre"" for example.

W

"NOUN [C]

the woman a man is married to

Dictionary examples:

I met Greg's wife for the first time.

She's his third wife.

Learner example:

How are you, and how are your wife and children?

"NOUN [C]

a place where wild animals are kept so that people can go and look at them

Dictionary example:

I still remember my first trip to the zoo.

Learner example:

I like London Zoo. [It] is a very nice and beautiful zoo.

"NOUN [C]

BODY

the long part at each side of the human body, ending in a hand

"NOUN [C or U]

the fourth month of the year, after March and before May

"NOT IN BUILDING

not inside a building

Dictionary examples:

It's cold outside!

Go and play outside for a while.

Shall we eat outside as the weather is so nice?

Learner example:

You can sit on the chair outside and look [at the] bridge.

P

"Word family:

Nouns: bank, banker, banking

NOUN [C]

MONEY

an organization or place where you can borrow money, save money, etc.

Dictionary examples:

I need to go to the bank at lunchtime.

I had to take out a bank loan to start my own business.

Learner example:

She works in [a] bank.

NOUN [C]

DRINKING PLACE

a place where especially alcoholic drinks are sold and drunk, or the area in such a place where the person serving the drinks stands

Dictionary examples:

I met him in a bar in Budapest.

There weren't any free tables, so I sat at the bar. Why don't you ask the guy behind the bar?

Learner example:

Every day she works in the hotel and [a] bar.

"NOUN [C]

a room used for sleeping in

Dictionary example:

Our home has three bedrooms.

Learner example:

I think my T-shirt is in your bedroom.

"PREPOSITION

SPACE

in the space that separates two places, people or objects

Dictionary examples:

The town lies halfway between Rome and Florence. Standing between the two adults was a small child.

She squeezed between the parked cars and ran out into the road.

A narrow path ran in between the two houses.

Learner example:

The cinema is between Laura's house and the post office.

TIME

in the period of time which separates two different events or times

Dictionary examples:

You shouldn't eat between meals.

There is a break of ten minutes between classes.

The shop is closed for lunch between 12.30 and 1.30.

Learner example:

I will arrive between 10 o'clock and 11 o'clock.

INVOLVE

involving two or more groups of people

Dictionary example:

Tonight's game is between the New Orleans Saints and the Los Angeles Rams.

Learner example:

I would like to go shopping and then see the football match between Spain and Germany.

"NOUN [C]

CHILD

a very young child

Dictionary examples:

a baby boy/girl baby clothes

Sandra had a baby on May 29th.

Learner example:

Every day Elisa go[es] to work, make[s] dinner for her little baby and watch[es] the T.V. with her husban[d].

"Word family:

Nouns: buyer Verbs: buy

VERB [T] (bought, bought)

to get something by paying money for it

Dictionary examples:

Eventually she had saved enough money to buy a small car. They bought the house for £114,000.

He bought some flowers for his mother.

I bought my camera from a friend of mine.

Learner example:

I bought it five years ago.

"ADJECTIVE

COLOUR

being the darkest colour there is, like the colour of coal or of a very dark night

Dictionary example: black shoes

Learner example:

Lisa gave me a black t-shirt.

"ADJECTIVE

being the colour of chocolate or soil

Dictionary examples:

dark/light brown

Both my parents have curly brown hair.

I'm going to wear an old T-shirt and brown trousers.

"NOUN [C]

a small, flat cake that is dry and usually sweet

Dictionary examples:

chocolate/ginger biscuits a packet of biscuits

We had tea and biscuits at 3.30 p.m.

Learner example:

We ate biscuits and we drank juice.

"NOUN [C]

a device for taking photographs or making films or television programmes

Dictionary examples:

I forgot to take my camera with me to Portugal, so I couldn't take any photos. Television camera crews broadcast the event all round the world.

Learner example:

I like it, because my camera has broken.

"VERB

be called sth

to have a particular name

Dictionary examples:

a boy called Adam

Their latest album is called ""In Rainbows"".

"ADJECTIVE

BETTER THAN ALL

(superlative of good) better than any other

Dictionary examples:

She was my best friend.

This is the best meal I've ever had. He's one of our best students.

Are you sure this is the best way of doing it?

Your parents only want what is best for you.

Learner example:

She likes [to] meet me every day because we are best friend[s].

ADVERB

MOST

(superlative of well) most, or more than any other

Dictionary examples:

Which of the songs did you like best?

They were the best-dressed couple at the party.

Learner example:

I like Australia best.

ADJECTIVE

HIGHER STANDARD

(comparative of good) of a higher quality, more effective, or more enjoyable than something or someone else

Dictionary examples:

She's found a better job.

The film was better than I expected. She is much better at tennis than I am. If you cook it this way it's far better.

Relations between the two countries have never been better. He stood near the front to get a better view.

The situation is getting better all the time.

The longer you keep this wine, the better it tastes. The bed was hard, but it was better than nothing.

Learner example:

It is a better pen than others.

HEALTHY

healthy, or less ill than before

Dictionary examples:

Are you better now?

Is your stomach ache better? I hope you get better soon.

Learner example:

I visited my cousin last night in hospital. He is better now.

"NOUN [C]

PERSON

the whole physical structure that forms a person or animal

Dictionary examples:

A good diet and plenty of exercise will help you to keep your body healthy. She rubbed sun lotion over her entire body.

Learner example:

I think swimming is good for my body.

"Word family:

Adjectives: bored, boring

ADJECTIVE

feeling tired and unhappy because something is not interesting or because you have nothing to do

Dictionary examples:

It was a cold, wet day and the children were bored. We were bored stiff in those lessons.

He was getting bored with/of doing the same thing every day.

Learner example:

I really like [my Game Boy] because I can play when I'm bored.

"VERB [T]

HOLD

to hold something or someone with your hands, arms, or on your back and take them from one place to another

She was carrying a small child. Learner example:

To help you I can carry some drinks and food.

"NOUN [U]

a pale yellow food made from cream that you put on bread or use in cooking

Dictionary examples:

Have some bread and butter.

a butter dish

Learner example:

We have fresh farm food like butter, milk, chees[e].

"NOUN [C]

a male child or young man

Dictionary examples:

a teenage boy

You've been a very naughty boy!

All right, boys and girls, quiet now!

Learner example:

I hope it's a boy.

"VERB (caught, caught)

TAKE HOLD

[I or T] to take hold of something, especially something that is moving through the air

Dictionary examples:

Try to catch the ball.

She fell backwards but he caught her in his arms.

Learner example:

I like the competition, because it's interesting to see who can catch the ball and who can't.

TRAVEL

[T] to get on a bus, train, etc. in order to travel somewhere

Dictionary examples:

He catches the 8:30 train to London.

I got there too late to catch the last bus home.

Learner example:

I can catch the bus to Cheltenham.

"ADJECTIVE

COLOUR

being the same colour as the sky when there are no clouds

"ADJECTIVE

COSTING LITTLE

costing little money or less than is usual or expected

Dictionary examples:

I got a cheap flight at the last minute. Food is usually cheaper in supermarkets.

Children and the elderly are entitled to cheap train tickets.

The scheme is simple and cheap to operate.

Learner example:

The house rent is very cheap.

"NOUN [C]

a large female farm animal kept to produce meat and milk

Dictionary example:

a dairy cow

Learner example:

I like this house because there [aren't any neighbours], just cows and fields.

"Word family:

Nouns: dance, dancer, dancing

Verbs: dance

VERB [I or T]

to move your feet and body to the rhythm of music

Dictionary examples:

We danced all night.

Who was she dancing with at the party last night? Can you dance the tango?

Learner example:

She likes [to] go out with her friends and her boyfriend, play computer games, dance, etc.

NOUN

MOVING

[C] when you move your feet and body to music

Dictionary example:

I had a dance with my dad.

Learner example:

We had a dance [at] the party.

"MODAL VERB

ABILITY

to be able to

Dictionary examples:

Can you drive?

She can speak four languages.

I can't read that sign over there - what does it say?

Learner example:

It was difficult to join two words of English correct[l]y. Now I can speak.

REQUEST

used to request something

Dictionary examples:

If you see Adrian, can you tell him I'm in London next weekend? Can I have a glass of water?

Learner example:

So please, can you make me a big sala[d]?

OFFER

used in polite offers of help

Dictionary example:

Can I help you with those bags?

POSSIBILITY

used to talk about what is possible

Dictionary example:

You can get stamps at the supermarket.

Learner example:

You can make a quick snack, for example a sandwich.

" "Learner example:

I like eat[ing] fish, vegetables, fruit and sala[d].

" "Learner example:

I like [to] drink coffee and tea with milk.

"NOUN

MUSIC

[C + SINGULAR OR PLURAL VERB] a group of musicians who play modern music together

Dictionary examples:

a jazz/rock band

The Beatles are probably the most famous band in the world.

Learner example:

Can we have a rock band like Etho?

"PRONOUN

IN QUESTIONS/NEGATIVES

used in questions or negatives to mean 'something'

Dictionary examples:

Is there anything I can do to help? I didn't eat anything.

Did you notice anything strange about him?

Was there anything else you wanted to say?

Learner example:

When I['m] speaking in class I'm very nervous and I can't say anything.

NO MATTER WHICH

any object, event, situation, etc.

Dictionary examples:

Tom will eat anything!

We can do anything you like.

Learner example:

I like spag[h]etti bolognese or lasagne. But I eat anything.

"Word family:

Nouns: cold, coldness

Adjectives: cold

ADJECTIVE

TEMPERATURE

having a low temperature

Dictionary examples:

cold weather a cold day

cold food/water cold hands

My feet are so cold.

It's freezing cold today.

Learner example:

I like England because it is cold.

"Word family: Nouns: booking

Verbs: book

NOUN [C]

FOR READING

a set of pages fastened together inside a cover for people to read

Dictionary examples:

I've read all his books.

She wrote a book about the island's history.

I bought a book on/about Glasgow.

Learner example:

When he finish[es] work, he goes [to] a pub, he ha[s] a beer and he read[s] a book.

"NOUN [C]

a small animal with fur, four legs and a tail that is kept as a pet

Dictionary example:

I saw that orange cat today.

Learner example:

We have two dogs, [a] cat and lots of birds.

" "Learner example:

My friend Martin works at a factory.

"VERB

I am Spanish/a teacher, etc.

used to give information about someone or something

Dictionary examples:

I'm tired.

I'm very well, thank you. Hi, I'm Sylvie.

He's tall.

They aren't German, they're from Austria. He was six at the time.

They were late. The film was great.

Her house isn't very big.

Learner example:

My friend's name is Sarah.

"NOUN [C]

CONTAINER

a square or rectangular container

Dictionary examples:

a cardboard box

a box of chocolates

Learner example:

I got clothes and a box of chocolates.

"EXCLAMATION

used to agree to a suggestion or request

Dictionary examples:

""How about going swimming?"" ""Alright.""

""Would you look after the children?"" ""Yes, alright.""

"CONJUNCTION

used to give a reason for something

Dictionary examples:

We can't go to Julia's party because we're going away that weekend. ""Why did you do it?"" ""Because Carlos told me to"".

Just because I'm lending you my dress for tonight doesn't mean you can borrow it whenever you

want to.

Learner example:

I will be at your house at 7.30 because I have an appointment before [that].

NOUN

FOR SLEEP

[C or U] a piece of furniture that you sleep on

Dictionary examples:

He lived in a room with only two chairs, a bed and a table. He likes to have breakfast in bed on a Saturday morning. She didn't get out of bed till lunchtime today.

I'm exhausted - I'm going to bed.

Learner example:

I'd like to sell my bed.

"NOUN [C]

a man or boy with the same parents as another person

Dictionary examples:

Do you have any brothers and sisters?

Johnny is my younger/older/big/baby/little brother.

Learner example:

I need to buy a book for my younger brother.

"ADJECTIVE (bigger, biggest)

SIZE

large in size or amount

Dictionary examples:

He's a big man.

Could I try these shoes in a bigger size? I had a great big slice of chocolate cake.

A thousand people took part in the region's biggest-ever cycle race.

Learner example:

I got [a lot of] presents: CDs, DVDs, photos, clothes and a big blue bear.

"EXCLAMATION

INFORMAL goodbye

Dictionary example:

Are you going? Bye then.

Learner example: Bye, see you soon.

C

"ADJECTIVE

ABLE TO LEARN

able to learn and understand things quickly and easily

Dictionary examples:

Both children were clever. She was very clever at maths.

Learner example:

He's [a] student at the university, he's [a] nice guy - friendly, clever, [and] helpful.

NOUN [C]

TIME

a piece of equipment that shows you what time it is, usually in a house or on a building and not worn by a person

Dictionary examples:

I could hear the clock ticking.

The town-hall clock says 9 o'clock.

I think the kitchen clock is fast/slow. The clock began to strike twelve.

She set her clock by the time signal on the radio.

Learner example:

I want to sell a clock that is ten years old.

close

Word family: Nouns: closure Verbs: close

Adjectives: closed

" "Learner example:

The art class will be on 21st April.

"PREPOSITION

TIME/EVENT

when a time or event has happened

Dictionary examples:

Shall we go for a walk after breakfast? We had a chat after the meeting.

Let's get the shopping. After that, we can stop for a coffee. After a while, I began to like him.

His birthday is exactly a week after mine. It was so boring, I left after ten minutes.

Learner example:

You can go shopping, eat [a tasty] meal and after that you can go to the disco and dance all night.

"NOUN

LOWEST PART

[C USUALLY NO PLURAL] the lowest part of something

He stood at the bottom of the stairs and called up to me. Extra information can be found at the bottom of the page.

Learner example:

One of the most amazing places we visited was a small lake at the bottom of a huge mountain.

"NOUN [C or U]

! an alcoholic drink made from grain

Dictionary examples:

a pint of beer

Would you like another beer?

This beer is brewed in Mexico.

Learner example:

She likes drink[ing] beer and sometimes goes to the nightclub.

PREPOSITION EARLIER

earlier than something or someone

Dictionary examples:

two days before the summer holidays She arrived before me.

You should always wash your hands before meals. Think hard before accepting the offer.

Learner example:

We will come before 7 o'clock and help you with dinner.

"NOUN [C] (PLURAL buses)

a large vehicle in which people are driven from one place to another

Dictionary examples:

You should take the bus if you want to see the sights. I decided to go by bus.

Learner example:

You can get there by bus.

"Word family:

Nouns: choice Verbs: choose

VERB [I or T]

to decide what you want from two or more things or possibilities

Dictionary examples:

Danny, come here and choose your ice cream. I had to choose between fish or lamb.

There were so many colours to choose from. It's difficult choosing where to live.

I've chosen Luis a present./I've chosen a present for Luis. He's been chosen as the team's new captain.

The firm's directors chose Emma to be the new production manager.

Katie chose to stay away from work that day.

Learner example:

You can choose between red or black. I chose the black one.

"Word family: Nouns: day, midday Adjectives: daily

Adverbs: daily

NOUN

24 HOURS

[C] a period of 24 hours

Dictionary examples:

January has 31 days. the days of the week

He runs five miles every day.

I saw him the day before yesterday. We leave the day after tomorrow.

He was last seen alive five days ago.

I'll be seeing Pat in a few days/in a few days' time.

Learner example:

It will take ten days.

ADJECTIVE

IN LETTERS

used at the beginning of a letter to greet the person you are writing to

Dictionary example:

Dear Kerry/Mum and Dad/Ms Smith/Sir

Learner example:

Dear Jo, I think the new art class is on Friday.

"NOUN [C]

BUILDING DETAILS

the details of where a building is, including the building number, road name, town, etc.

Dictionary examples:

her business/home address a change of address

Learner example:

Pl[ease] tell me your address.

ELECTRONIC

a series of letters, numbers or punctuation marks referring to a website or email destination

Dictionary example:

Do you have their Web address?

Learner example:

P.S [This] is my new e-mail address: xxxxxxxxx

"Word family:

Nouns: change Verbs: change

Adjectives: unchanged, changeable

VERB

START SOMETHING NEW

[I or T] to stop having or using one thing, and start having or using another

Dictionary examples:

She's just changed jobs.

I hope they can change the time of my interview. The doctor has recommended changing my diet.

Learner example:

I changed job last month, and now I'm working in [a] nursery.

"NOUN [C or U]

FOOD

a sweet, usually brown, food that is prepared and sold in a block, or a small sweet made from this

"NOUN [C]

a room in a school or college where groups of students are taught

Dictionary example:

The classrooms are large and have big windows.

Learner example:

I don't like my classroom [o]n the 2nd floor.

Word family:

Nouns: cleaner Adjectives: clean

ADJECTIVE

NOT DIRTY

not dirty

Dictionary examples:

a clean white shirt clean air/water

Make sure your hands are clean before you have your dinner.

Learner example:

I like this place, because I have got a beautiful room. It is very clean and nice.

VERB [T]

to remove dirt from something

Dictionary examples:

I'm going to clean the windows this morning. You should always clean your teeth after meals.

He asked her to help him clean out the cupboards.

Learner example:

She clean[s] the house every day.

" "Learner example:

My favourite food is rice and curry.

" "Learner example:

He get[s] up every day [at] 6 o'clock, ha[s] breakfast and read[s] the newspaper.

"ADVERB

BEGINNING

near the beginning of a period of time, process, etc.

Dictionary examples:

I get up early during the week.

She starts work fairly early.

Learner example:

Martin get[s] up early - [at] 5.00 am.

"NOUN [C]

your male parent

Dictionary example:

My father took me to watch the football every Saturday.

Learner example:

I got it from my father and mother.

"NOUN [C]

ACTIVITY/SPORT

an entertaining activity or sport that people play

Dictionary examples:

computer games

Do you want to play a different game?

Learner example:

Martin likes [to] play games on [his] Xbox every day.

"EXCLAMATION

GREETING

used to greet someone

Dictionary examples:

Hello, Paul. I haven't seen you for ages. I just thought I'd call by and say hello.

Learner example:

Hello Fatima, how are you?

ON PHONE

used to start a conversation on the phone

Dictionary example:

""Hello, I'd like some information about your flights to the USA, please.""

"NOUN [C]

a short coat

Dictionary examples:

a leather/denim jacket

The keys are in my jacket pocket.

Learner example:

I need [to] buy a jacket.

"Word family: Nouns: longing

Verbs: long

ADJECTIVE

TIME

continuing for a large amount of time

Dictionary examples:

a long film/meeting

I've been waiting a long time.

It's a long time since I worked there. Apparently the sessions are an hour long.

Learner example:

I want to eat food from Brazil because I [have] live[d] in England for a long time and I [am] missing

food from my country.

DISTANCE

having a large distance from one end to the other

Dictionary examples:

long hair long legs

a long dress

There was a long queue at the post office. We're still a long way from the station.

Learner example:

I like [to] go for a long walk.

"NOUN

a title for a married woman, used before her family name or full name

Dictionary examples:

Mrs Wood/Mrs Jean Wood

Hello, Mrs Grant, how are you today?

Please send your application to the finance director, Mrs Laura Fox.

Learner example:

Dear Mrs. Dunn, Could you help me?

" "Dictionary examples:

She has British nationality. He has dual nationality.

What nationality are you?

At the International School they have pupils of 46 different nationalities.

Learner example:

My friend [was] born in Norway, but his nationality is Polish.

"NOUN

FLAT MATERIAL

[U] thin, flat material used for writing or drawing on, covering things in, etc.

Dictionary examples:

a piece/sheet of paper

She works on paper because she hates computers.

Learner example:

[The] teacher will give us paper so don't worry!

"Word family: Nouns: poor

Adjectives: poor, poorly

Adverbs: poorly

ADJECTIVE

NO MONEY

having very little money or few possessions

Dictionary examples:

Most of these people are very poor.

Many medicines are too expensive for poorer countries to afford.

Learner example:

It cost 500 Euro [so] it isn't for poor people.

"Word family:

Nouns: run, runner, running

Verbs: run

VERB (running, ran, run)

MOVE FAST

[I or T] to move on your feet at a faster speed than walking

Dictionary examples:

He can run very fast.

He ran away when I tried to pick him up. We had to run to catch up with him.

I run about three miles every morning.

Learner example:

Children can run ev[e]rywh[e]re.

S

"NOUN [C]

a girl or woman who has the same parents as another person

Dictionary examples:

Sophie and Emily are sisters.

Emily is Sophie's younger/little/older/big sister.

Learner example:

I was there with my parents and sister.

"Word family:

Nouns: student, study Verbs: study

VERB

UNIVERSITY/SCHOOL

[I or T] to learn about a subject, especially on an educational course or by reading books

Dictionary examples:

to study biology/chemistry

Next term we shall study plants and how they grow.

She's been studying for her doctorate for three years already.

Learner example:

He live[s] in Galicia, but now he's here in Cambridge to study English like me.

subject

"ADVERB

AT THAT TIME

at that time

Dictionary examples:

I was working in the city then.

I'm having a day off on Friday - I could meet you then.

Give it to me next week - I won't have time to read it before/until then. I'll phone you tomorrow - I should have the details by then.

I saw her at Annie's but I haven't seen her since then.

Learner example:

See you then.

NEXT

next, or after something has happened

Dictionary examples:

She trained as a teacher and then became a lawyer.

Let me finish this job, then we'll go.

Learner example:

I finish work at 7 o'clock, and then I want to have a bath. [A]fter that I will come.

"NUMBER

the number 12

Dictionary examples:

ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen

a twelve-seater minibus

Learner example:

We can start at twelve o'clock.

"PRONOUN

GROUP

used as the subject of the verb to refer to the speaker and at least one other person when considered together or as a group

Dictionary examples:

Can we all go to the swimming pool this afternoon? If you don't hurry up we'll be late.

Learner example:

After dinner we want to go shopping.

"NOUN

THE EARTH

[NO PLURAL] the Earth and all the people, places and things on it

Dictionary examples:

She's travelled all over the world.

News of the disaster shocked the whole world.

We live in a changing world.

Learner example:

I like travel[l]ing and discovering new place[s] [i]n the world.

"NOUN

TEACHING GROUP

[C + SINGULAR OR PLURAL VERB] a group of students who have lessons together

Dictionary examples:

Which class are you in this year?

She gave the whole class extra homework for a week. My class was/were rather noisy this morning.

Okay, class, settle down and open your books.

Learner example:

I have some friend[s] in the class.

LESSON

[C or U] a period of time in which students are taught something

Dictionary examples:

My last class ends at 4 o'clock.

I was told off for talking in class.

Who takes/teaches your environmental studies class?

I missed my aerobics class yesterday.

Learner example:

I have one class a week w[ith] Miss Liz, she is my teacher.

" "Learner example:

I left my keys at your house.

" "Learner example:

I am very happy that I can go [to] college every day and I can see my friends every day.

Happy Birthday/New Year, etc.

something friendly that you say to someone on a special day or holiday

Dictionary examples:

Happy Christmas!

Happy Anniversary!

Learner example:

Happy Halloween!

"NOUN [C]

ON HEAD

one of the two organs on your head that you hear with

Dictionary examples:

She leant over and whispered something in his ear. The hearing in my left ear's not so good.

Learner example:

My friend Maria [gave] me a dog. It's a cocker and has long ears.

"Word family: Nouns: fat

Adjectives: fat, fatty

ADJECTIVE (fatter, fattest)

Someone who is fat weighs too much.

Dictionary example:

He eats all the time but he never gets fat.

Learner example:

She is tall and [a] little b[i]t fat.

"ADJECTIVE

MAKING YOU LAUGH

making you smile or laugh

Dictionary examples:

Do you know any funny stories/jokes?

I've never found Charlie Chaplin very funny. It's a really funny film.

It's not funny - don't laugh!

No matter how serious the situation there always seems to be a funny side to it.

Learner example:

We dance[d], dr[a]nk coca-cola, and watch[ed] a very funny film.

G

"VERB

RECEIVE SOUND

[I or T] to be aware of a sound through your ears

Dictionary examples:

She heard a noise outside.

My grandfather is getting old and can't hear very well. You'll have to speak up, I can't hear you.

I could hear someone calling my name.

Learner example:

I can hear birds sing[ing] there.

"PRONOUN

THING

used to refer to the thing, situation, or idea that has already been talked about

Dictionary examples:

""Where's my pen?"" ""You left it by the phone.""

The argument was upsetting for us all - I don't want to talk about it.

Children who stay away from school do it for different reasons.

Learner example:

This is a very beautiful place and I like it.

SUBJECT/OBJECT

used as the subject or object of a verb to represent a phrase at the end of the

sentence

Dictionary examples:

I liked it in Scotland.

It's unlikely that she'll arrive on time.

It costs less if you travel at the weekend.

Learner example:

It's [a] nice place.

DETERMINER

belonging to or relating to something that has already been mentioned

Dictionary examples:

The dog hurt its paw.

Their house has its own swimming pool. The company increased its profits.

I prefer the second option - its advantages are simplicity and cheapness.

Learner example:

When you touch it, a light bulb appears on its screen.

J

"NOUN [C]

the room in a house where people sit to relax and, for example, watch television

Dictionary example:

We had tea in the living room.

Learner example:

My favo[u]rite room is the living room because it's the biggest in my house.