defintions

Biodiversity

Number and type of organisms present on earth.

Nomenclature

The name of an organism such that the organism is known by the same name all over the world.

Identification

Nomenclature is only possible when the organism is described correctly and we know to what name the organism is attached to.

Binomial Nomenclature

System of providing name with two components.

Classification

Process by which anything can be grouped into convenient categories based on easily observed characteristics.

Taxa

Convenient categories used to study organisms.

Taxonomy

Process of classifying organisms in different taxa.

Systematic

Systematic arrangement of organisms.

Now also includes identification, nomenclature and classification. Takes into account evolution relationship between organisms.

Herbarium

Store house of collected plant specimens that are dry pressed and preserved.

Botanical gardens

Special gardens for collection of plants for reference.

Key

Taxonomical aid used for identification of plants and animals based on similarities and dis similarities.

Couplet

Keys are based on contrasting characters generally in a pair.

Lead

Each statement in a pair called as lead.

Flora

Contains actual account of plants and distribution of habitat.

Manual

Useful in providing information identification of names of species in an area.

Monograph

Info about one taxon

Taxonomic categories

Each step in a classification represents a rank or category. Since category is overall part of the arrangement hence are called taxonomic categories.

Taxonomic hierarchy

All categories together constitute hierarchy.

Species

Taxonomic categories consider fundamental similarities between individual organisms called species.

Genus

Aggregates of closely related species with less similarity than species.

Family

Group of related genera with less similarity than genera.

What are twin characteristics of growth?

Distinctive features of living organisms?

The ecological conflict and cooperation among members of a population and among populations of a community or even the molecular traffic inside a cell make us deeply reflected on what indeed is life.

1)Technical definition of life

2) philosophical definition

1)One should be able to distinguish one species from the other closely related species based on distinct morphological characteristics.- Species

2) They have more common characters in comparison to species of other genera….we can have have one or more than specific epithet representing different organisms but having morphological similarities.- Genus

Note- Order and other higher taxon are identified on basis of aggregates of characters.

1) Less similarities than Genus and species. They are characterized on the basis of both reproductive and vegetative characteristics.- Family

2) Order has less number of similarities than family Genus and species.

For example, convolvolacea and solanacea grouped under polymoniales due to floral characters.

3) Sapindales and Polymoniales are related grouped under dicotyledonea.- Class

4) Divsion- Few common characteristics.

5) As we go up the hierarchy characters decrease.

The basis of taxonomy is

1) structure of cell

2) development process

3) ecological info of organism

What forms the basis of taxonomy?

1) characteristisation

2) identification

3) Nomenclature

4) classification