04 Fragen

Home Country

• HQ

• founded

• most operations

Host Country

• where affiliate is

• 
  

Ethnocentric

• home country oriented

• home country people organize and determin policy / bahaviour

• quick transfer

• overcome lack of qualified managers in home nation

• interessting for small/medium size companies

• resentment in host country

  
  

• Home country bahaviour as guideline

critic:

outdated?

classical way

export experience quicker and effective (good)

have someone speaking the language (good)

polycentric

• guest country oriented

• parent company holds key HQs

• multinational strategy

• newspaper

• consumer goods

host country culture important —>

Japanse company has affilate in Argentina —> get argentinian manager —> adapt (parts of) his bahaviour

let argentians do their thing

regiocentric

• regionally oriented

• mix between ethno and poly

• build up own region (eastern europe)

• group of affiliates that share same policy

geocentric

• globally oriented

• company present in many countries

• compare to soccer team: players from everywhere

• long term

• IDEAL

• does not matter where you from

• move people from one country to another

• only looking at qualification

• 
  

• 3rd level: company culture

• different people

• different interests

• different schools

• different bahaviour

• different jobs (start up, founding, big comp.)

low context:

• rely on elaborate verbal explanations

• emphasis on spoken words

• northern europe, North america

• clearly, logically and convincing

• direct and explicit

• familiy

• personal experience

• knowing people

• belonging to people

• germany, USA

high context:

• nonverbal messages

• indirect, polite, face saving

• japan

• east asia

• objective facts

• middle east

• asia

• 
  

Hofstede: dutch, IBM

empirical study fpor IBM

dimensions of international culture

4 originals:

how free am I when talking to somebody above me

• high power distance

  • Guatemala, Malaysia, Philippines, middle east

• Low power distance

  • sweden, denmark, partly germany

Individualistic vs collective societies

• degree of interdependence a society maintains

individualistic

• Australia, UK; Canada, US

Collectivistic

• China, Panama, South Korea

masculine

• competetiveness, assertiveness, ambition, accumulation of wealth, FOCUS ON MONEY & CAREER

• Australia, Japan, US

feminine

• nurturing roles, interdependence among people, caring

• scandinavia,

Indulgence:

• selbsverwirklichung einer selbst

• genuss

• freiheit

• randgruppen

high cuncertainty avoidance

• minimize risk, ensure financial security, emphazise stable careers

• belgium, france, japan

low uncertainty avoidance

• socialize members, take risks

• India, Ireland, US

• 
  

Long term

• planning for future

• China (?)

• arabia

Short Term

• past and presence

• america

germany somewhere in the middle

indulgance

• individualistic

restraint

• collectivistic

• Japan

• expected to do overhours