01: Instrumental Traditions

harp

fiddle

tin whistle

flute

Uillean Pipes

Mandolin / Mandola / Bouzouki / (Tenor)Banjo

Bodhrán

Bones

Conertina

(Button)Accordion

National Instrument of ireland

origin: 8/9th century —> lyre/cithara

difference to classical harp: no pedals

Well-known player: Michael Roony, Laoise Kelly

• modern fiddle developed in Europe around 1550

• big developements in the 17th century (Europe) and 20th century (USA)

Musician: Martin Hayes, Liz Doherty

• whistle only a trad.-instrument since 19th century

• one of the most popular instruments (cheap, easily accessible)

Musicians: Mary Bergin, Micho Russell

• similar to the wooden concert flute —> can have keys

• Origin: marching bands of political and temperance movements in the 19th century

Musician: Matt Molloy

• origin: evolved from the pastoral bagpipe in the early 1700s

• can be found in a variety of pitches

Musicians: Liam O´Flynn, Louise Mulcahy

• origin: earliest reference dates back to the 16th century

• pear-backed lute , 4 strings

• Mandola: “octave Mandolin”

  —> 4 sets of double strings

  —> played an octave lower than Mandolin

Musicians: Mick Moloney, Andy Irvine

• Origin: anglo-german

  —> became very popular in the early 19th century

  —> worldwide mass production and distribution

Differnces: accoridon is bigger, has keys

Musicians:

• concertina: Noel Hill, Edel Fox

• Accordion: Sharon Shannon

origin: popular in ireland since the 19th century

—> advanced in the last 20 years through manufacturing

Musicians: Eamon Murray

origin: have been used in various music-culture all around the world

Musician: Johnny (Ringo) McDonagh

• oral tradition

• the music is transmitted aurally

• Monophonic music (just melody)

• Structure: 8-bars with regular metres

• Small number of dance forms

• Small-scale melodic and rhythmic variation and ornamentation

• Importance of rhythm: lift and drive

• basis for traditional irish music (popular since 18/19th cent.)

• repetitive —> mostly repeated 2-4 times in a performance

• most for the purpose of dancing

• modal tonality

• limited number of keys

= section of a tune

• consists of 8 bar

  —> each containing two groups of four quavers

• usually repeated

• B-Part is referred to as “turn”

= number of tunes played one after the other

• phrase or bar of a tune is taken and changed slightly

• depend on the contrast that they make with the basic tune

  —> Important: basic tune must be well-know to the listener

• = sense of place, identity, tradition

• different styles developed in different regions

• distinguished throug remoteness/natural barriers —> eg. rural isolation

• nowadays styles are not limited to a specific area (technology, infrastructure)

  
  

• Origin: Turkey (saz, baghlama), 3000

  —> Borught to ireland by Johnny Moynihan (Planxty, Dan Danann)

Musicians: Andy Irvine

• Origin: african-american istrument

  —> popular in Ireland since the 19th century

Musicians: Cathal Hayden, Mary Shannon

structured into parts

parts and then the whole tune are usually repeated

Usual form: AABB (repeat)

= 16/32 bar-structure which underpins dance music performance

Reel

Jigs

Slip Jig

Polka

Hornpipe

Slide

Slow Air

March

Set Dance

Mazurka

Flings

Highlands

Waltz

• metre: 4/4

• fast and lively

BLACK-AND-DEC-KER

Example : Danny OMahony - The Maids of Mount Cisco, The Pigeon on the Gate, John Dwyers

• metre: 4/4

• slower than reel

• syncopated

  —> defined accent on first and thrid beat of each bar

Jig:

• metre: 6/8

• RA-SHERS-AND-SAU-SA-GES

Slip-Jig

• metre: 9/8

• RA-SHERS-AND-SAU-SA-GES-SAU-SA-GES

• Metre: 2/4

• lively and fast

• metre: 12/8

• dance tune

• fast

derived from sean nós songs

free rhythm

• cuts/taps

• rolls

• crans

• triplets

• variation

• phrasing

• articulation

long and short roll

—> long: on punktierter halbe

—> short: on halbe note

• Vorschlag

• played quickly

• five notes in rapid succession

=Vorschlag

Cut= higher than principle note

Tap= lower than principle note

• mostly for Uillean Pipes, flutes and whistles

• played by playing a note then repeating the note two or three times, each time with a cut just before it

• an extra note is added between two principle notes of a tune

• three note are played in the same time as the two principle notes

• rise or fall

Slow Air

Harp

An Caoineadh

Reels

Danny OMahony

The Maids of Mount Cisco

The Pigeon on the Gate

John Dwyers

Instruments:

Easter Snow

slow air

instruments: Uilleann Pipes

Gort na Mona, Tir Rafaraigh

Slip Jig

Flute and Harp

Heathery Breeze_Long Strand

McAlindens, Brian Conways

Jigs

Instruments: fiddle, accordion/concertina,

Patrick DArcy - The Harvest Home

Hornpipe

Instruments: Uilleann Pipes

Prelude Polkas

Instruments: bodhrán, accordion, piano and modern instruments, fiddle, uillean pipes

Slides

Instruments: tin-whistle, fiddle, some kind of guitar-instrument, accordion, flute

01 The Curlew - McDermotts - Three

Tune:

Instruments: fiddle, harmonia, mandola, bodhrán

The Moving Clouds, Devannys Goat

tune:

instruments: concertina

Hornpipe

instruments: fiddle