Name the category.
Contraceptives
List the main drugs.
Intrauterine progestogen only system
Copper device
Describe the progestin intrauterine device.
a progestin-releasing (e.g., levonorgestrel-releasing) contraceptive device that is placed into the uterus
Describe the mechanism of action of progestin intrauterine device.
Produces local inflammatory reaction → prevents fertilization and implantation
Interferes with sperm function and transport
—> Inhibits GnRH and LH secretion and thus suppresses ovulation (main contraceptive mechanism)
Inhibits endometrial proliferation, thereby preventing the implantation of the embryo
Changes cervical mucus (↓ volume and ↑ viscosity) and impairs fallopian tube peristalsis, thereby inhibiting sperm ascension and egg implantation
Inhibits follicular maturation
Describe the nonhormonal copper device.
A T-shaped device wrapped in copper wire that is inserted into the uterus
Approved for 10 years of continuous use; may be effective for longer
Describe the mechanism of action of copper device.
altered tubal motility and a sterile inflammatory reaction of the endometrium → spermicidal effect and prevention of implantation
List indications for the copper device.
Emergency contraception (most effective type)
Long-acting contraception
Contraception in patients with contraindications for estrogen-based contraceptives
List contraindications for the copper device.
Uterine abnormalities (i.e. bleeding, malignancy, infection, abnormal anatomy)
Cervical infections
Known or suspected pregnancy
Menorrhagia
Dysmenorrhea
Copper hypersensitivity
List complications of the copper device.
Uterine perforation
Ectopic pregnancy
Pelvic inflammatory disease
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