Name the category.
Antispasticity Agents
Name the 2 main drugs.
Dantrolene
Tizanidine
Descibe the mechanism of action of dantrolene.
Ryanodine receptor antagonist
Prevents release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of striated muscle → reduced muscle rigidity and hyperthermia
List indications for dantrolene
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Malignant hyperthermia
List adverse effects of dantrolene.
CNS: headache, dizziness, mental/mood changes, seizures, hallucinations, insomnia, malaise
Gastrointestinal: nausea, diarrhea or constipation, vomiting
Other: muscle weakness, allergic reaction, blood count changes
List interactions of dantrolene.
Increase in the activity of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants
Dantrolene interacts with calcium antagonists, potentially leading to hyperkalemia, which can be unpredictable → cardiac arrhythmias
What kind of drug is Tizanidine?
Alpha-2 agonist.
List indications for Tizanidine.
Muscle spasticity
ALS
Multiple sclerosis
Cerebral palsy
List adverse effects of tizanidine.
Hypotension
Weakness
Xerostomia
List contraindications of tizanidine.
Concomitant therapy with ciprofloxacin or fluvoxamine.
Known hypersensitivity to tizanidine or any ingredient in the formulation.
What are common adverse effects of tizanidine?
Dry mouth, somnolence, asthenia (weakness, fatigue, and/or tiredness), dizziness.
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