List appropriate diagnostics.
Echocardiography (confirmatory test): interatrial communication, best visualized in the apical four-chamber and subcostal views
ECG: signs of RV hypertrophy (vertical or right axis deviation, P pulmonale, PR prolongation, complete or incomplete right bundle branch block)
Chest x-ray
Enlarged right atrium, ventricle, and pulmonary arch
Enhanced pulmonary vasculature
Describe the treatment.
In children with ASD, spontaneous closure may occur.
Patch repair
Indicated in symptomatic children with a significant left-to-right shunt
Surgical or via percutaneous transcatheter procedure
List complications.
Paradoxical embolism (↑ risk of ischemic stroke): small blood portions from inferior vena cava bypass pulmonary circulation → direct emptying into left atrium → paradoxical embolism and stroke in the case of thromboembolism
Heart failure
Zuletzt geändertvor 2 Jahren