List causes for acute aortic regurgitation.
Infective endocarditis
Aortic dissection (ascending aorta)
Chest trauma
Iatrogenic complications
List causes for chronic aortic regurgitation.
Primary valvular defect
Congenital bicuspid aortic valve: most common cause of AR in young adults in high-income countries
Calcific aortic valve disease: most common cause of AR in older patients in high-income countries [1][3]
Rheumatic heart disease: most common cause of AR in lower-income countries [4]
Aortic dilatation
Connective tissue disorders (e.g., Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome)
Chronic hypertension
Aortitis of any etiology (e.g., tertiary syphilis)
Thoracic aortic aneurysm
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