List signs and symptoms.
Aortic stenosis may remain asymptomatic for years, particularly with mild or moderate stenosis. Symptoms usually start to develop when the disease progresses to severe AS, and may present at rest or on exertion.
Signs and symptoms
Dyspnea (typically exertional)
Angina pectoris
Dizziness and syncope
Additional signs specific to infants: wheezing and difficulty feeding
List findings in physical examination.
Small blood pressure amplitude, decreased pulse pressure
Weak and delayed distal pulse (pulsus parvus et tardus)
Palpable systolic thrill over the bifurcation of the carotids and the aorta
See cardiovascular examination for further details.
List findings in auscultation.
Harsh crescendo-decrescendo (diamond-shaped), late systolic ejection murmur that radiates bilaterally to the carotids
Best heard in the 2nd right intercostal space
Handgrip decreases the intensity of the murmur.
Valsalva and standing from squatting decreases or does not change the intensity of the murmur (in contrast to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy).
See auscultation in valvular defects for comparison with other valvular heart diseases.
Soft S2
S4 is best heard at the apex.
Early systolic ejection click
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