Describe the pathophysiology.
Ingestion of a single magnet is usually unproblematic; high-powered magnets may, however, attract to external metal objects (e.g., trouser buttons, belt buckles)
Ingestion of multiple high-powered magnets or a single high-powered magnet plus a metal object can cause obstruction, perforation, and ischemia due to entrapment of intestinal loops between magnets.
List clinical features.
Possibly asymptomatic
Abdominal pain
Signs of bowel ischemia or bowel perforation
Describe diagnostics.
History of witnessed or self-reported ingestion
Abdominal x-ray
Batteries are radiopaque
Stacked magnets with narrow space between them suggest bowel wall entrapment
Describe the management.
Magnets located in esophagus or stomach: prompt endoscopic removal
Magnets located in the intestines
Symptomatic patients: surgical removal
Asymptomatic patients: monitor with serial imaging (4–6 hours intervals)
List complications.
Intestinal pressure necrosis
Intestinal fistula
Volvulus
Perforation
Obstruction
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