Name general symptoms of AOM
Older children and adults will most frequently report ear pain; in infants and nonverbal children symptoms can be nonspecific, and may be easily confused with other conditions
Otalgia/earache, commonly described as throbbing pain
Hearing loss in the affected ear
Fever
Otorrhea in the case of a ruptured tympanic membrane (TM)
Name typical presentations in infants
Irritability
Incessant crying
Refusal to feed (anorexia)
Repeatedly touching the affected ear
Fever and febrile seizures
Vomiting
What are otoscopic findings in AOM?
Bulging tympanic membrane (TM) with loss of landmarks
Opacification and loss of light reflex
Retracted and hypomobile TM
Purulent/serosanguinous discharge in the external auditory canal or visible perforation
Distinct erythema of the TM
Additional findings that may be present:
Yellow spot on the TM
Cartwheel TM
Blisters or bullae on the tympanic membrane
What are findings in tuning fork tests?
The Weber test and Rinne test can be performed to verify conductive hearing loss secondary to an effusion
Weber test: Sound localizes to the affected ear.
Rinne test: Air conduction is impaired in the affected ear, while bone conduction remains intact.
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