a
/ə/
-> Wait a minute!
an
/ən/
-> See you in an hour.
the
/ðə/ -> the west
/ði/ -> the old
vs. strong: /ðiː/
-> emphasis Jim is the man for the job.
-> contrast It's not a solution but the solution!
some
/səm/
-> determiner Have some soup!
vs.
strong: /sʌm/
contrast Not all, only some people went.
final position: If you need some, just tell me.
head of a NP: Some didn't work.
me
/mi/
-> Bring me some sauce, please.
we
/wi/
-> We didn't stay too long.
she
/ʃi/
-> I thought she has already left.
he
/hi/
-> He doesn't mind.
him
/ɪm/
-> Tell him right away.
vs. strong: /hɪm/
her
/hə/
-> She broke her own record.
vs strong: /hɜː/
us
/əs/
-> Tell us when.
vs. strong: /ʌs/
them
/ðəm/
-> Spare them the details
vs. strong: /ðem/
you
/jə/ +Cons -> You should go now.
/ju/ +Voka -> Why do you always complain?
vs. strong: /ju:/
your
/jə/ -> Take your time
vs. strong: /jʊə, jɔː/
there
/ðə/ -> There will be no excuses
vs. strong /ðeə/ (as adverbial) -> Look whos over there!
who
/hu/ (only in unstressed syllables) -> Who can play chess?
vs. strong: /hu:/ (Betonung)
that (Relativpronomen)
/ðət/ -> This is the car that John used
that (Demonstrativpronomen)
/ðæt/ -> That was a hard exam
! When used demonstratively, the strong form is always used
and
/ənd/ -> Go and ask.
vs. strong: /ænd/
but
/bət/ -> Poor but proud.
vs strong: /bʌt/
or
seltene weak form: /ə/ -> I saw it two or three times.
vs. strong: /ɔː/ -> Pay attention or leave the room!
at
ət -> Meet me at the club
vs. strong (final position): /æt/
for
/fə/ -> What can I do for you?
vs. strong: /fɔː/
from
/frəm/ ->Two years from now.
vs. strong: /frɒm/
of
/əv/-> The best of luck to you.
vs. strong: /ɒv/ (final position)
to
/tə/ + Con -> It's on at quarter to five.
/tu/ + V -> They flew to Edinburgh.
/tu/ (final position) ->Who did you give it to?
vs. strong: /tuː/ (contrast)
as
/əz/ -> Good as gold.
vs. strong: /æz/ (final position) -> What's he acting as?
than
/ðən/ -> Don't be holier than the Pope.
be
/bi/ -> Try to be on time.
vs. strong: /biː/ -> Where could it be?
am
/əm/ -> So am I.
vs. strong: /æm/ (final position)-> Of course I am.
is
voiceless consonant + /s/ -> It's not a good idea.
voiced consonant or vowel + /z/ -> This one's yours.
vs. strong: /ɪz/ Is that what it is?
note: weak form should only be transcribed when 'is' is contracted!
are
/ə/ -> What are you up to?
vs. strong: /ɑː/
was
/wəz/ -> She was so brilliant.
vs. strong: /wɒz/
were
/wə/ -> We were laying football.
vs. strong: /wɜː/
have
/həv/ (auxiliary usage) -> I could have sent you an email.
vs. strong: /hæv/ (main verb usage, final or initial position)
has
/həz/ auxiliary usage -> Your coach has arrived.
vs. strong: /hæz/ main verb, final and initional position usage
had
/həd/ (auxiliary usage)
vs. strong: /hæd/ (main verb, final and initial position usage)
do
də/ + Con (auxiliary usage) -> How do you know?
/du/ + Vow (auxiliary usage) -> Where do Anne and Bob live?
strong: /duː/ (main verb usage) -> Can you do it?
does
/dəz/ (auxiliary usage) -> What does he do for living?
vs. strong: /dʌz/ (main verb usage) -> That's what he does for a living.
shall
shall /ʃəl/ -> Where shall I go?
vs. strong: /ʃæl/ (final position) -> I sincerely hope we shall.
can
/kən/ -> It can happen again.
vs. strong: /kæn/ (final position) -> I wonder if we can.
must
/məst/ (obligation, unstressed) -> I must go there sometime soon.
vs. strong: /mʌst/ (obligation, stressed) -> You must hand it in today!
could
/kəd/ -> You could come over for dinner.
strong: /kʊd/
would
/wəd/ ->They would love to go.
strong: /wʊd/
should
/ʃəd/ -> That should be an obvious warning.
vs. strong: /ʃʊd/
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