Euglenozoa
Leishmania – short facts
Leishmania – life cycle
Which parasitic Leishmania stage is transmitted via the saliva of a sand fly?
Metacyclic (infectious) Promastigote
How do Leishmania invade their host cells?
Promastigote form invades a human cell (macrophages)
endocytosis
Leishmania – life cycle in the sand fly vector
Leishmania – zoonotic potential of some L. species
Reservoir Hosts
Leishmania – life cycle forms
What mechanisms do Leishmania use to survive in the phagolysosomes?
disease forms of Leishmaniasis (L.)
What kind of Leishmaniosis disease type is caused by L. tropica?
Cutaneous L.
Leishmania tropica is the cause of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans.
Cutaneous L
Visceral L. (kala azar)
Mucocutaneous L.
Leishmania – direct/indirect diagnostic sampling
Indirect: Serum antibodies (IFAT & ELISA) (Cave: recently infected individuals are sero- negative)
Leishmania – macro- and microscopy (human)-
ell entry
Macrophages are the primary cell of infection
The entry of Leishmania into macrophages involves a process of phagocytosis, which is the engulfing of the parasite by the host cell.
Which immune response is protective against Leishmania?
The immune response that is protective against Leishmania is primarily a type 1 immune response, characterized by the production of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and the subsequent development of a Th1 response.
This response leads to the production of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) by CD4+ T helper 1 (Th1) cells, which in turn enhances the killing of the parasite by macrophages through the production of reactive oxygen species.
Leishmania – towards vaccination - challenges
Leishmanization
Leishmania – vector distribution
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