Woche 4 (Konsolidierung und Speech)

-> jede Episode eigene Gedächnisspur

-> mathematische darstellung des Standardmodells, kann so vorhersagen machen

 -> SLIMM Modell, neue inhalte direkt über PFC in Neorcorticale netzwerke intrigriert, ohne das langsame über HP konsolidierung -> dies aber nur wenns auf vorwissen basiert ist, schemakongruenten -> patient HM -> lernen solange es an prämorbides Vorwissen angeknüpft ist

study on the electrophysiological (ERPs) correlates of retrieval of word pairs after two different encoding conditions.

The researchers presented semantically unrelated word pairs as separate lexical units in a sentence frame (non-unitized word pairs) or together with a definition that allows to combine word pairs to a new concept (unitized word pairs). 

At test, participants discriminated between word pairs that appeared in the same pairing during study, recombined, or new pairs.

An early old/new effect with a parietal maximum was found for unitized word pairs while a qualitatively different late old/new effect was elicited by non-unitized word pairs.

These findings suggest that one-trial-unitized word pairs are recognized differently from non-unitized word pairs. The authors discuss the possibility that unitization leads to the engagement of specific forms of familiarity—conceptual fluency and absolute familiarity.

-> a symbolic system used to communicate concrete or abstract meanings, irrespective of the sensory modality employed or the particular means of expression

-> includes spoken and heard language, language communicated in written form and sign language

-> includes vocabulary, grammar and rules of syntax

What we see influences what we hear

shaping of phonemes and phones

crtital period: until age 7

exposure and practice, repeated activation of the relevant neural circuits

fast mapping, fitting a new word into an existing schema of language associations

-> Adults have a strong tendency to group speech sounds, similar effects from infants -> categorical speech perception

Bottom-up, input-driven processes

Top-down, controlled and predictive processes