Anatomy

·      Origin:

Long head - supraglenoid tubercle of scapula;

o   Short head - coracoid process of scapula.

·      Insertion: Radial tuberosity.

·      Main Artery: Brachial artery.

·      Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6, C7).

·      Main Movement: Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint and supination of the forearm.

·      Origin:

o   Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula.

o   Lateral head: posterior surface of the humerus, superior to the radial groove.

o   Medial head: posterior surface of the humerus, inferior to the radial groove.

·      Insertion: Olecranon process of the ulna.

·      Main Artery: Deep brachial artery.

·      Innervation: Radial nerve (C6, C7, C8).

Main Movement: Extension of the forearm at the elbow joint

·      Origin: Humeroulnar head: medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna; Radial head: superior half of anterior border of the radius.

·      Insertion: Middle phalanges of the four fingers (not the thumb).

·      Main Artery: Ulnar and radial arteries.

·      Innervation: Median nerve (C7, C8, T1).

Main Movement:Flexion of the proximal interphalangeal joints of the four fingers.

·      Origin: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus.

·      Insertion: Extensor expansion of medial four fingers (index to little finger).

·      Main Artery: Posterior interosseous artery.

·      Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve, a branch of the radial nerve (C7, C8).

Main Movement:Extension of the medial four fingers at the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints.

Rectus Femoris:

·      Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine and the superior margin of the acetabulum.

·      Insertion: Tibial tuberosity through the patellar ligament.

·      Main Artery: Lateral circumflex femoral artery.

·      Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4).

·      Main Movement: Extension of the knee; flexion of the hip.

Vastus Lateralis:

·      Origin: Greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, and linea aspera of the femur.

·      Insertion: Tibial tuberosity through the patellar ligament.

·      Main Artery: Lateral circumflex femoral artery.

·      Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4).

·      Main Movement: Extension of the knee.

Vastus Medialis:

·      Origin: Intertrochanteric line and linea aspera of the femur.

·      Insertion: Tibial tuberosity through the patellar ligament.

·      Main Artery: Femoral artery.

·      Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4).

·      Main Movement: Extension of the knee.

Vastus Intermedius:

·      Origin: Anterior and lateral surfaces of the femur.

·      Insertion: Tibial tuberosity through the patellar ligament.

·      Main Artery: Femoral artery.

·      Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4).

·      Main Movement: Extension of the knee.