Chambers of the eye

Aq humour

3mm depth ( reduce with accom & shallower in hyperopes)

11.3 - 12.4mm diameter

pH= 7.2

RI=1.3

more dense than H2O (99%)

250ul

low proteins (for transparency)

glucose

electrolytes

ascorbate (protect from UV)

Cil body>in front of lens> thru pupil> exits thru trab (70-95%) or uveoscleral(5-30%)

in cil processes

secreted by non pig epi (inner)

1. osmosis (10%) of H2O from stroma to non pig epi

2. ultra-filtration (20%) ( mvt down hydrostatic pressure gradient) of proteins and glucose

3. active transport (70%) of ions from stroma to non pig epi

sympathetic nervous system

Alpha receptors decrease aq production

Beta receptors increase aq production (beta blockers reduce aq production)

rate X constant: day rate = 3.1ml/min. night rate = 1.6ml/min

iop higher AM lower PM

1. cil body

2. scleral spur

3. trab mesh

4. schwalbe line - most anterior structure. white line. facilitates aq outflow

connective tissue, seive, triangle

1. uveal trabeculae- innermost- iris root to schwalbe. aq pass freely (25- 75um wide)

2. corneo-scleral trab- scleral spur to cornea. convoluted pathway. coll fibres enclosed by endo cells

3. juxta-canalicular trab- outermost-dendritic cells joined by gap junctions. intercell space filled with coll & eleastic fibres in glycopro matrix

inward extension of sclera

ring of fibres- 80% coll & 5% elastic tissue

1. keeps corneo scleral meshwork open when adjacent cil mesh relaxes

2. enables mvt of cil mesh when cil msc contracts

1. contraction of cil msc- expands trab>increases aq outflow>decrease IOP

2. contraction of trab cells- decrease outflow> increase IOP

3. trab acts as filter- trab endocells do phagocytosis> remove unwanted debris

1. trab meshwork

2. canal of schelmm COS

3. intra-scleral venous plexus- pressure grad prevents backflow of bld into COS

4. epi scleral viens / conjuctival viens

5. anterior cil viens

single layer of endo cells

tight junc

inner wal = giant vacuoles(regulate pressure for aq transport)

(open to more hydrostatic pressure= more outflow)

1. aq enters cil body

2. btween cil msc ad fibres

3. supraciliary & suprachoroidal spaces

4. epi-scleral vasculature

11-24mmHg

balance btwn aq production and drainage

1. hyaloid artery from ONH to post lens during gestation (primary vit)

2. reabsorbed and disppears after birth

3. leaves empty canal thru central vit (Cloquets canal)

4. remaining vit = secondary

“muscae volitantes”

clumps of coll fibrils cast shadow on ret

move as eye move bz vit = gel

syneresis