VL20 Knowledge and Memory

if the balloons popped

-> context before group better comprehension and recall of the text

• prior knowledge -> semantic structure into which new, related information can be integrated

• semantically congruent information remembered better than incongruent information

• congruent - mPFC

• the deeper information is processed, the longer a memory trace will last

congruent information: medial prefrontal cortex establishes connection and inhibits medial temportal cortex

incongruent information: medial temporal lobe

Day 1: subjective congruency rating

Day 2: Test item recognition

• in case of recognition -> what was the matching location? How sure are you?

—> congruent —> more accurate, intermediate less, incongruent least

—> associative memory also better with increased congruency

—> mPFC more activation in congruent & remembered

—> mtl more activation in incongruent & remembered

• verbal knowledge and verbal fluency remains at higher levels (crystallized intelligence)

• reasoning, mental mapping, memory (fluide)

• more accessible and less accessible accumulated knowledge remains at high levels (crystallized intelligence)

• memory for new experiences higher when congruent (can draw on crystallized intelligence)

• memory for new experiences lower when incongruent

• memory encoding and retrieval —> what is the role of prior knowledge on different memory processes

• magnitude of vmPFC -> loss with age

• age-related shift -> hippocampus-bound processing to increased prefrontal brain bound regions for memory retrieval

• dorsolateral pfc -> control and monitoring processes -> deficient children & older adult