alliteration
a repetition of consonant at the beginning of words that are close together
“From the forth the fatal loins of these two foes
allusion
an indirect refernce
“poetry is great. just think of the most famous writer of sonnets in English “
anaphora
a repetition of the same word at the beginning of several sentences
“Be bold. Be brief. Be gone.”
antithesis
a juxtaposition of two contrasting ideas through a parallel syntactical
structure
“To err is human;to forgive is divine”
enumeration
a list of details
Macbeth is disloyal, greedy and obedient to his wife.
euphemism
the replacement of a word or a phrase by one that is more agreeable
“Civilizing” Australian Aboriginal children meant forcibly removing them from their families
hyperbole
exaggeration
I have told you a thousand times
metaphor
a word or a phrase that creates an implicit comparism between two non similar things
I am the black sheep in the family
He has a heart of stone
paradox
an apparent contradiction
“This statement is true and false at the same time”
parallelism
a repetition of gramatical elements , e.g. sentence structure
“We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end.We shall fight in france”
personification
a common form of metaphor in which human charcteristics are attributed to objects ore abstract ideas
“Too hot the eye of heaven shines”
rhetorical question
a question that does not require an answer
“Do you think I’m stupid?”
simile
a comparism using the words as or like
“My love is like a red, red rose”
irony
statements or situations that portray reality in a different way from what appears to be true
stating during a thunderstome “Beautiful weather today”
symbol
A thing that represents something else
“The caged bird sings/with fearfull trill/of the things unknown/but longed for still” (Maya Angelou, “Caged Bird”. The bird is a symbol of oppressed African Americans”
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