What is the Epidermis?
The Epidermis is the outer layer of the skin
What is the Dermis?
A deeper layer containingnmechanoreceptors
Name the layers
Name the mechanoreceptors
What is the tactile acuity?
Tactile acuity or sensitivity is typically defined as the ability to distinguish between two points of stimulation
How sensitive is each body part? Where would you locate it on the chart?
Base of Finger, Fingertip, Palm
How do we smell?
We perceive smells through the olfactory bulb/ membrane, located in the upper part of the nasal cavity. It contains specialized receptors, that respond to different classes of flavor.
True or false?
We perceive hot/spicy flavors through receptors on the tounge
This is false; we perceive food as hot or spicy when pain signals are stimulated. The human brain releases endorphins to relieve the pain, which is why so many people enjoy spicy food.
Name all types of taste receptors
- sweet
- sour
- salty
- bitter
- umami
What are the 3 layers of the human memory
Sensory memory
Short term memory (working memory)
Long term memory
Describe the sensory memory
Duration from milliseconds to several seconds
Specific for each sensory modality (iconographic, echoic, …)
Transition to working memory is influenced by attention, etc
Describe the Short term memory (working memory)
Duration 20-45 s
Only stores small pieces of information
Recognition simpler than recall
Why is it good to perceive information through different modalities/ work with different modalities simultaniusly?
Information in working memory is organised into three categories: the phonological loop (language), the visual-spatial sketchpad (images), and the episodic buffer.
There may be an overflow if one of these categories contains too much information. For example, if you read and listen to a podcast, you will probably have too much information in your phonological loop and information will be overlaid.
Combining different modalities is the best way to distribute information. For example, you can listen to a speech and look at a picture.
Describe the Long term memory
Transfer via repetition and learning
Slower, but larger storage capacity
No capacity limit, forgetting via interferences with content leaned earlier/later
Storage not as separate information items, but in a context
True or false? Muscles can perceive their own position.
True, muscle can percieve their position and bone position via
muscle spindles
golgi tendon organs
joint sensores
send information to the brain with an updaterate of 20-30 Hz
Describe the model of workin memory by Baddeley and Hitch
Information in working memory is organised into three categories: the phonological loop (language), the visual-spatial sketchpad (images), and the episodic buffer, all coordinated by the central executive.
How does the vestibular system work?
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