Name the catefory.
GI Agents
Name the main drug.
Hyoscine butylbromide
aka: Butylscopolamine, Scopolamine (Buscupan)
Into which type of antiemetic can it be grouped?
Anticholinergic agents.
Describe the mechanism of action.
Nonspecific muscarinic antagonist
Central antiemetic effect at the area postrema and on the vestibular system
Peripheral antiemetic effect via inhibition of the vagus nerve
μ-receptor agonist → ↓ propulsive peristalsis and intestinal fluid secretion as well as ↑ sphincter tone
Describe the clinical use.
Motion sickness, vestibular-induced nausea, and vomiting
Describe the side effects.
Anticholinergic side effects: dry mouth, mydriasis, tachycardia, urinary retention
Antidote: physostigmine (cholinesterase inhibitor)
Describe the antispasmic effects (grouped as muscarinic antagonist/ tertiary amines).
↓ Tone and motility of smooth muscle cells
↓ Bladder spasms and urgency in overactive bladder incontinence
Antispasmodics (irritable bowel syndrome)
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