Define BPD.
chronic lung condition secondary to prolonged mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy for NRDS
Describe the etiology.
Pulmonary barotrauma and oxygen toxicity with subsequent inflammation of lung tissue due to ventilation of the immature lung (ventilation for more than 28 days)
List clinical features.
Seen in infants < 32 weeks
Persistence of symptoms similar to NRDS (e.g., tachypnea, grunting, nasal flaring)
Episodes of desaturation
Describe the diagnostics.
X-ray chest: diffuse, fine, granular densities, areas of atelectasis interspersed with areas of hyperinflation
Blood gas analysis: respiratory and metabolic acidosis
Histology: atelectasis, fibrosis, emphysematous alveolar changes (decreased number and septation of alveoli)
What is the treatment?
controlled oxygenation, diuretics, rarely glucocorticoids
What are other complications?
Pneumothorax
Hypoxia
Patent ductus arteriosus (the persistently low partial pressure of oxygen in the blood contributes to PDA)
Cardiovascular arrest
Neonatal sepsis
Complications of O2 inhalation: retinopathy of prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage
Baby oxen have RIBs: Babys receiving too much oxygen get Retinopathy of prematurity, Intraventricular hemorrhage, and Bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Last changeda year ago