Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

chronic lung condition secondary to prolonged mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy for NRDS

Pulmonary barotrauma and oxygen toxicity with subsequent inflammation of lung tissue due to ventilation of the immature lung (ventilation for more than 28 days)

• Seen in infants < 32 weeks

• Persistence of symptoms similar to NRDS (e.g., tachypnea, grunting, nasal flaring)

• Episodes of desaturation

• X-ray chest: diffuse, fine, granular densities, areas of atelectasis interspersed with areas of hyperinflation

• Blood gas analysis: respiratory and metabolic acidosis

• Histology: atelectasis, fibrosis, emphysematous alveolar changes (decreased number and septation of alveoli)

controlled oxygenation, diuretics, rarely glucocorticoids

• Pneumothorax

• Hypoxia

• Patent ductus arteriosus (the persistently low partial pressure of oxygen in the blood contributes to PDA)

• Cardiovascular arrest

• Neonatal sepsis

• Complications of O2 inhalation: retinopathy of prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage

Baby oxen have RIBs: Babys receiving too much oxygen get Retinopathy of prematurity, Intraventricular hemorrhage, and Bronchopulmonary dysplasia.