Diagnostics

Amsler grid: detection of metamorphopsias and scotomas

Fundoscopy

• Dry AMD

  • Drusen

  • Retinal pigment epithelium atrophy

  • Retinal pigment epithelium hypertrophy (mottling)

• Wet AMD

  • Grayish-green retinal discoloration

  • Serous detachment of the retina and the retinal pigment epithelium

  • Subretinal and intraretinal hemorrhage and/or exudate

  • Fibrous disciform scars

Fluorescence angiography

• Dry AMD: well-defined hyperfluorescence of the altered retinal pigment epithelium

• Wet AMD: neovascularization and exudation (diffuse hyperfluorescence) in the macular region

Color fundus photography: enables evaluation of disease progression and interpretation of fluorescein angiography

Optical coherence tomography (OCT)

• Detection of intraretinal or subretinal fluid retention

• Helps confirm diagnosis of wet AMD and to monitor progress under treatment