What’s the minimal energy for ionization? (in eV and J)
At a sub-cellular level, ionizations due to radiation can lead to direct and indirect effects on the DNA.
How are both effects working?
Decide if it’s stochastic or deterministic effects:
High/low dose
Cell death/cell mutation
Causes Cancer
Causes loss of function
How’s absorbed dose defined?
Name unit and formula.
The highest absorbed doses for whole organs are typically? (4)
How do you define equivalent dose?
Name formula + unit.
Name radiation weighting factor w for:
gamma ray
ß radiation
proton radiation
neutron radiation
alpha radiation
How’s effective dose defined?
Which organ is NOT a stochastic effect?
How do you determine/calculate the effective dose?
Stochastic risks from dental radiographs are limited to a few tissues. Which ones? (5)
Which one the most?
Which kind of model do we have for the dose-effect relationship for the excessive risk for stochastic effects?
Cancer risk from radiation
Does the risk increase or decrease with age?
Is the risk higher or lower for females?
Name 2 risk factors, which increase the susceptibility for cancer.
Which is the only one higher risk for cancer for males?
Does it change with age?
Radiation risk is highest during which phase? And in which trimester?
Effects on CNS are particularly during which weeks?
ICRP defined 3 fundamental principles of radiation protection.
Name them.
ICRP defines which 3 categories of exposure?
They are all “apply” and one says “do not apply”. Which one?
High noise means in other words what?
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