Urban groundwater and karst

• not clear

• leakage from pipes and sewers increase groundwater recharge

• excess irrigation may increase groundwater recharge

• infiltration hotspots contribute to infiltration

• BUT often groundwater extraction

• describes network of human-made subsurface pathways (e.g. stormwater and sanitary sewer pipes and high permeability trenches

• mounding effect (hill of water of groundwater table due to point source of recharge)

• infiltrates water potentially lead to increased ET or transpiration

• increased baseflow

• infiltrated water may be lost to leaking sewer pipes

• Decreasing:

  • problems for water provision

  • damage to buildings due to subsidence

• Incresing

  • flooded cellars, metro stations

always at risk!

-> road runoff

-> oil spill

-> leakages