Discuss the major determinants of creating new technology-based firms (NTBFs) by academics
The key determinants typically include:
Research and technical expertise in their academic field
Access to university resources and facilities
Intellectual property rights and technology transfer policies
Availability of seed funding and research grants
Support from university entrepreneurship programs/incubators
Industry connections and networks
Personal entrepreneurial motivation and risk tolerance
Institutional policies regarding academic entrepreneurship
Discuss the major determinants of technology-oriented collaboration between new technology-based firms (NTBFs) and science institutions
The main factors include:
Complementary knowledge and resources
Access to specialized equipment and facilities
Research expertise and human capital
Funding opportunities through joint projects
Knowledge transfer mechanisms
Alignment of research interests
Clear intellectual property frameworks
Geographic proximity
Previous collaboration experience
Explain what a technology license agreement is, and what are the two major criteria of differentiating technology licenses
A technology license agreement is a legal contract that allows a party (licensee) to use, modify, or sell a specific technology owned by another party (licensor) under defined terms and conditions.
The two major differentiating criteria are:
Exclusivity (exclusive vs. non-exclusive licenses)
Scope (geographic, field of use, duration, etc.)
Explain the differences between the following terms: invention, innovation and diffusion.
Invention: The creation of a new technology, product, or process that has not existed before
Innovation: The successful implementation and commercialization of an invention in a way that creates value
Diffusion: The process by which an innovation spreads through a population or market over time
Discuss the role of knowledge and creativity in innovation processes.
Knowledge and creativity play crucial roles through:
Combining existing knowledge in new ways
Problem identification and solution generation
Technical and market knowledge integration
Creative thinking in product/service development
Knowledge sharing across teams and organizations
Building on prior innovations and research
Creative approaches to overcoming obstacles
Knowledge management throughout the innovation process
Explain the differences between the following terms: invention, innovation and diffusion
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