Current political challenges in the USA
Political Polarization
Deep divide between Democrats and Republicans
Immigration and Border Policy:
Debate:
Issues:
(current political challenges in the USA)
gun violence, and gun control
safety versus personal freedom
climate change and environmental policy
renewable energy versus fossil fuels
economic inequality
all the current political challenges in the USA
Summary schreiben
Summary (Zusammenfassung)
Tense: Simple Present
Style: Neutral, objective, own words
Structure:
Introduction: Author, title, text type, source, date, topic
Main Part: Outline main points (no details, no examples)
Conclusion: (optional) short closing remark
Analysis
Analysis (Sachtext/Literary Text)
Introduction: Author, title, text type, topic
Main Part:
Content (what is said)
Structure (how it is organized)
Language (tone, stylistic devices, register)
Intention (purpose, effect on reader)
Conclusion: Short evaluation/overall impression
characterization
Characterization
Introduction: Who is the character (role, relation, function)
Outer appearance (if given)
Behaviour, thoughts, feelings
Relations to other characters
Development (static/dynamic)
Conclusion: Overall impression, function in the story
comment/ essay
Comment / Essay (free opinion)
Introduction: Hook, introduce topic, thesis statement
Clear argument structure (pro/contra, aspects)
Examples, evidence, personal arguments
Conclusion: Summarize and give final opinion
mediation
Mediation (Sprachmittlung)
Task: Transfer information from German → English (or vice versa)
Key:
No word-by-word translation
Focus on main information relevant to the task
Simple, clear, neutral language
I HAVE A DREAM-Speech
-Martin Luther King
-August 28, 1963 —> in Washington DC
-Civil Rights Movement in the USA
-Demand for equal rights for African Americans
-Became Iconic speech for civil Rights Movement
-Influeced civil Rights Act 1964
-still relevant—> social justice
Macbeth
William Shakespeare - ca. 1606
Tragedy —> plays in Scotland/England
-Based on real Scottish history
main themes:
-Ambition + Power >> Corrupting force
-Fate vs Free Will >> prophecies + decisions
-Guilt + Conscience >> hallucinations, madness
-Appearance vs Reality >>deception, false security
-Supernatural influence >> witches, visions
Characters:
Macbeth: brave warrior-—> tyran—> downfall
Lady Macbeth: manipulative—> guilt ridden —> suicide
Banquo: loyal, contrast to Macbeth
The witches: symbols of chaos, temtation
Macduff: represents justice, kills macbeth
What is the American Dream?
Belief that everyone can archive sucess through hard work and determination.(Bestimmung)
American Dream
Historical roots:
Declaration of Independence (1776)—> Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness
Core elements:
Prosperity (= Wohlstand), freedom, upward mobility (=Aufsteigungsmöglichkeiten)
Criticism:
-Social inequality (racism, class barriers)
-American Nightmare-poverty, exclusion
Modern view:
Impact of globalization, education, economic divide (=wirtschaftliche Kluft)
Immigration
Major waves:
19th century—> european immigrants
20th century—> Latin american + Asian
Push and Pull factors:
push: poverty, war, persecution (=verfolgung)
pull: jobs, freedom,security
current issues:
illegal immigration's (us mexico border)
immigration reform and border security
Ethnic Diversity
Concepts:
USA>> Melting pot vs salad bowl
increasing hispanic and asian population
Opportunities:
culturel richness, innovation
Challenges:
Discrimination, racial profiling (bsp: kontrolle weil jemand ausländisch aussieht)
social inequality
Key terms:
Assimilation (=Anpassung)
Integration (=gegenseitige anpassung)
Multiculturalism (koexistenz verschiedener kulturen)
Racial Equality
progress since 1960s: legal equality archived, more political representation (barack obama)
Ongoing issues:
-police brutality and racial profiling
-economic and educational inequality
-Black lives Matter (since 2013) response to systematic racism
key terms:
-Segregation-> separation of races in public life
-discrimination-> unfair treatment based on race
- Affirmative Action-> policies promoting equal opportunities
letter to the editor
respond to an article express upinion
salutation - reference to an article - arguments
(anrede)
clothing (name)
semi formal and respectful tone
introduction —> outer appearance of the character
inner qualities plus role in the text
text evidence
comment
give your opinion with arguments
introduction —> topic
mainpart—> arguments
conclusion—> your opinion
formal , clear arguments
speech
inform an audience
greeting—> Introduction—> main points—> conclusion(call to action)
identity
-A person sense of self shape by culture, family, values, and social environment
Influence:
-Family background
-Education + social class
-Cultural norms + media
Modern challenges:
-multicultural societies—> cultural hybridize
-pressure from social media + consumer culture
social mobility
Ability to move between social classes
American dream—> hard work= upward mobility
Barriers:
Unequal education
Income gap
Racial + gender discrimination
modern reality:
more difficult than in the past—> American dream under pressure
role of media in society
information and entertainment, education, shaping public opinion
social media, TV, newspaper, radio
digitalization + social media
advantages:
Global connectivity and instant communication access to information
Empowerment activism sharing ideas
Risks:
Fake news misinformation
Bubbles
cyber bullying addiction, mental health issues
summary
overview of main point
Introduction, main part
Neutral, no quotes or details
Globalization
increasing interconnectedness of the worlds, economies, cultures, and publications, to trade communication and technology
Drivers:
advances in, technology
Free trade and , multinational cooperations
migration + culturall exchangey
Key aspects:
economic, globalization, cultural, globalization, political globalization
Advantages:
Access to goods and markets worldwide
Economic growth, in developing countries
Diversity + exchange
Disadvantages:
Job Losses in high cost countries due the outsourcing
Environmental damage
Cultural homogenization loss of tradition
Growing inequality between rich and poor
Current issues:
Anti globalization movement
Climate change is global challenge
In contrast…
This leads to the conclusion that…
to sum up…
All in all, it can be said that…
As a result….
Therefore (Deshalb)
However (Allerdings)
Above all (Vorallem)
In particular (insbesondere)
As a matter of fact (in der Tad)
undoubtedly (Zweifellos)
Nevertheless (Dennoch)
The topic of the Text is…
The author aims to show…
The following essay will discuss…
The author uses stylistic devices such as… to emphasize…
This suggests that… (Dies legt nahe, dass...)
It becomes obvious that…
The choice of words indicates…
The tone of the text is… (neutral, critical, ironic)
It could be argued that…
One reason for this is…
First of all…
Moreover
Furthermore (Außerdem)
In addition to that… (Darüber hinaus...)
Last changeda month ago