GNAV 07

[GNAV-PT07 #1] Which of the following, from a navigational perspective, are recognised as causes of reduced in-flight visibility? A) Solar storms, Night flight, Haze. B) Heavy rain, Insomnia, Haze. C) Haze, Smoke / Smog, High altitude flight. D) Precipitation, Fog / Mist, Sea Spray.

[GNAV-PT07 #2] Which of the following is not a general consideration when selecting en-route navigational visual check points during flight planning? A) Working from large features to small features. B) In-flight visibility. C) Terrain. D) Proximity to leg.

[GNAV-PT07 #3] What is the purpose of fan lines on a VFR chart used for in-flight navigation? A) They allow the pilot to see what features are within a pre-determined angular distance from the track line over the length of the fan line. B) They allow the pilot to see what terrain will be flown over from an off-track position fix to the next checkpoint. C) Assist with working from large features to small features. D) They permit the rapid assessment of track error angles.

[GNAV-PT07 #4] In general, which of the following is not a problem associated with night VFR navigation? A) Black-hole conditions. B) Night flight illusions. C) Tracking errors. D) Collisions on the ground.

[GNAV-PT07 #5] From a navigational perspective, ‘visibility’ is defined as: A) The distance, measured in metres up to 5000 m and kilometres thereafter, at which it is possible to see an object. B) The clarity of the lower atmosphere, in which commercial air transportation takes place. C) The ability to be able to see through the air. D) The minimum required visual acuity permitted to undertaken visual navigation flight.

[GNAV-PT07 #6] Which of the following statements is correct? A) Illumination by the sun or the moon does not alter visibility, nor does it alter the range at which objects can be seen. B) Illumination by the sun or the moon does alter visibility, and alters the range at which objects can be seen. C) Illumination by the sun or the moon does not alter visibility; however, it does alter the range at which objects can be seen. D) Illumination by the sun or the moon alters visibility, but does not alter the range at which objects can be seen.

[GNAV-PT07 #7] What is a visual checkpoint? A) A unique feature, or combination of features, used to positively identify a position on the surface of the Earth from an aircraft in flight. B) A waypoint, aerodrome or navigation aid clearly identifiable on a chart. C) A position established by an aerodrome as a feature to be flown by or over as part of a VFR departure or arrival procedure. D) A position on the ground chosen to identify an on-track navigation feature.

[GNAV-PT07 #8] Which of the following will be easier to see when flying at low level? A) Rivers and canals. B) Power stations with large cooling towers. C) Shopping complexes with car parks. D) Roads and railways.

[GNAV-PT07 #9] Generally speaking, which of the following will be more difficult to see when flying at high level? A) Out-of-town shopping complexes with large car parks. B) Roads and railways. C) Power stations in built up areas. D) Rivers and canals.

[GNAV-PT07 #10] Which of the following aircraft is most likely to obtain clear VHF communications with an air traffic service unit? A) Light aircraft at 1000 ft amsl communicating with an ATSU at sea level at a range of 40 nm over sea. B) Commercial aircraft at 25 000 ft amsl communicating with an ATSU 1200 ft amsl at a range of 128 nm over mountainous terrain up to 21 000 ft amsl. C) Commercial aircraft at 25 000 ft amsl communicating with an ATSU 1200 ft amsl at a range of 65 nm over flat land. D) Light aircraft at 2000 ft amsl communicating with an ATSU 300 ft amsl at a range of 70 nm over flat land.

[GNAV-PT07 #11] When navigating by following a line feature, where should the line feature be kept? A) Do not follow line features. B) Either side. C) Right. D) Left.

[GNAV-PT07 #12] If a VCP is not visible at the end of the leg being flown, what action should be taken by the pilot? A) Fly around in a circle looking for the VCP. B) Turn back to the previous VCP. C) Head for the nearest line feature and follow it to a known ground feature. D) Continue flight until the ETO and turn onto the planned heading for the next leg.

[GNAV-PT07 #13] Given: DTK = 055°M, forecast drift = 15° left, planned heading = 065°M. At a fix 36 nm along the leg the aircraft was determined to be 3 nm left of track. What is the track error angle and what heading should be flown to parallel track? A) 5° Left - 070°M B) 5° Right - 060°M C) 5° Right - 070°M D) 5° Left - 060°M

[GNAV-PT07 #14] Given: DTK = 165°T, forecast drift = 10° left. At a fix 40 nm along the leg between two positions 90 nm apart, the aircraft was determined to be 4 nm right of track. Magnetic variation = 10°W. Without using a CRP-5 or calculator, what is the track error angle and what revised heading should be flown to fly to the end of the leg? A) 6° Right - 174°M B) 6° Right - 164°M C) 11° Right - 164°M D) 11° Right - 154°M

[GNAV-PT07 #15] An aircraft is flying a leg of 105 nm distance on a heading of 220°M. At the first planned DR Fix 45 nm along track, the actual Position Fix is found to be 3 nm right of track. What approximate heading is required to overfly the end of the leg? A) 216°M B) 213°M C) 224°M D) 227°M

[GNAV-PT07 #16] An aircraft at FL160, IAS 195 kt, OAT -25°C and WC -25 kt, is required to reduce speed in order to cross a reporting point 5 min later than planned. Assuming that flight conditions do not change, when 121 NM from the reporting point the aircraft should reduce IAS by what amount? A) 10 kt B) 15 kt C) 35 kt D) 25 kt

[GNAV-PT07 #17] Having regard to the 1-in-60 rule, which of the following statements is incorrect? A) 4° of Track Error Angle produces 2 nm of Cross Track Error after a flight of 120 nm. B) 2 nm of Cross Track Error after 30 nm of distance flown is equal to 4° of Track Error Angle. C) 3° of Track Error Angle produces 4.5 nm of Cross Track Error per 90 nm of distance flown. D) 4 nm of Cross Track Error after 40 nm of distance flown is equal to 6° of Track Error Angle.

[GNAV-PT07 #18] Which of the following is the correct formula for solving off track errors? A) DAT = 60 x ( TEA ÷ DOT) B) DOT = (TEA ÷ DAT) x 60 C) TEA (DOT x DAT) ÷ 60 D) TEA = (DOT ÷ DAT) x 60

[GNAV-PT07 #19] Which of the following is the correct formula for solving closing angle errors? A) CA = (DOT ÷ DRAT) x 60 B) DRAT = 60 x ( CA ÷ DOT) C) DOT = (CA ÷ DRAT) x 60 D) CA (DOT x DRAT) ÷ 60

[GNAV-PT07 #20] Which of the following is the correct formula for resolving heading errors?REV HDG - Revised HeadingOR HDG - Original HeadingCORR - Correction A) REV HDG = OR HDG + CORR (Left) B) REV HDG = OR HDG ÷ CORR (Right) C) REV HDG = OR HDG - CORR (Right) D) REV HDG = OR HDG + CORR (Right)

[GNAV-PT07 #21] An aircraft follows a radial to a VOR/DME station. At 10:00 the DME reads 120 NM. At 10:03 the DME reads 105 NM. The estimated time overhead the VOR/DME station is:

[GNAV-PT07 #22] An aircraft departs point A (50°N, 006° 50'W) on a southerly track of 300 NM to point B. From point B, the aircraft flies on a westerly track for 300 NM to point C. What is the aircraft's final position?

[GNAV-PT07 #23] While proceeding en-route, after half the distance between two waypoints, the aircraft's position is 3 NM left of the desired track. The total distance between the two waypoints is 120 NM. Using the 1 in 60 rule, the heading should be changed by:

[GNAV-PT07 #24] Determine the approximate rate of descent required to maintain a 3° glide path at a groundspeed of 120 kt:

[GNAV-PT07 #25] The following features are the most useful for VFR navigation by day: 1. Tall masts 2. Large lakes 3. Streets in a large town 4. Area with several small woods 5. Active power station

[GNAV-PT07 #26] Which of the factors listed below should be considered by the pilot when selecting landmarks as visual reference points? 1. Possibility of identification 2. Transmitted frequency 3. Visibility 4. Closeness to the track

[GNAV-PT07 #27] When planning a VFR flight, the selection of the navigation features that are suitable for transferring from map to ground is required. What ground features are particularly important for VFR navigation?

[GNAV-PT07 #28] What is the best ground feature to check the track deviation for a north-south flight?

[GNAV-PT07 #29] During a low level flight two parallel roads are crossed at right angles by an aircraft. What can the time taken between the road crossings be used to check?

[GNAV-PT07 #30] A pilot is flying VFR and is about to conduct an approach to an unfamiliar airfield just after the sunrise. What should he/she pay extra attention to?

[GNAV-PT07 #31] You are flying a low level VFR flight over a snowy area with no visual checkpoints. What should you do?

[GNAV-PT07 #32] On a Mercator's projection the distance between (17°N, 035°E) and (17°N, 040° E) is 5 cm. The scale at 57° N is approximately:

[GNAV-PT07 #33] What is the approximate scale, expressed as a ratio, of a low altitude en-route chart with a quoted scale of 1 inch = 15 NM?

[GNAV-PT07 #34] An aircraft overflies waypoint 1 at 10:37 UTC and is overhead waypoint 2 at 10:49 UTC. The measured distance on the chart between the two waypoints is 11.4 cm. If 1 cm on the chart represents 3.2 NM on the Earth, what Ground Speed has been flown between the two waypoints?

[GNAV-PT07 #35] Given: TAS = 155 kt, HDG (T) = 216°, W/V = 090/60 kt. Calculate the Track (°T) and GS.

[GNAV-PT07 #36] The position A (75°N, 34°E) of an aircraft and the position B (75°N, 50°E) of an NDB station are plotted on a polar stereographic chart projection. Determine the true bearing from B to A, given: Mag. Var. A: 32°W, B: 60°W

[GNAV-PT07 #37] On a polar stereographic chart, what is the initial straight track from A (75°N 060°E) to B (75°N 060°W)?

[GNAV-PT07 #38] Which one of the following describes the appearance of rhumb lines, except meridians, on a Polar Stereographic chart?

[GNAV-PT07 #39] If a straight line is drawn on an aeronautical chart between any two positions, what will determine the true track change along that line?

[GNAV-PT07 #40] What is the UTC and date when it is 23:00 LMT on the 21st August at position A(11°00'N, 067°30'W)?

[GNAV-PT07 #41] Two positions lie at the same geographical latitude. A is at 076°E, B at 126°E. Sunrise is at 07:29 ST at B. What is the ST of sunrise at A?

[GNAV-PT07 #42] An aircraft is in Tokyo (35°39'N, 139°50'E) and plans to fly to Anchorage (61°13'N, 149°52'W). What is the arc-to-time difference?

[GNAV-PT07 #43] Where is the International Dateline located?

[GNAV-PT07 #44] The time difference in Local Mean Time between sunset at positions A 50°N, 120°E and B 50°S, 120°E on the 21st of November is:

[GNAV-PT07 #45] Some states implement daylight saving time by advancing the clocks 1 hour in spring. What is an effect of this?